Anti-HADHSC antibody [1A12BC8] (ab110284)

Function

Plays an essential role in the mitochondrial beta-oxidation of short chain fatty acids. Exerts it highest activity toward 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in liver, kidney, pancreas, heart and skeletal muscle.

Pathway

Lipid metabolism; fatty acid beta-oxidation.

Involvement in disease

Defects in HADH are the cause of 3-alpha-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (HADH deficiency) [MIM:231530]. HADH deficiency is a metabolic disorder with various clinical presentations including hypoglycemia, hepatoencephalopathy, myopathy or cardiomyopathy, and in some cases sudden death.
Defects in HADH are the cause of familial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia type 4 (HHF4) [MIM:609975]; also known as persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) or congenital hyperinsulinism. HHF is the most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infancy and is due to defective negative feedback regulation of insulin secretion by low glucose levels. It causes nesidioblastosis, a diffuse abnormality of the pancreas in which there is extensive, often disorganized formation of new islets. Unless early and aggressive intervention is undertaken, brain damage from recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia may occur. HHF4 should be easily recognizable by analysis of acylcarnitine species and that this disorder responds well to treatment with diazoxide. It provides the first 'experiment of nature' that links impaired fatty acid oxidation to hyperinsulinism and that provides support for the concept that a lipid signaling pathway is implicated in the control of insulin secretion.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.

Cellular localization

Mitochondrion matrix.

Alternative names

Database links