Anti-Hamartin antibody [EP318Y] (ab40872)

Function

In complex with TSC2, inhibits the nutrient-mediated or growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 by negatively regulating mTORC1 signaling. Seems not to be required for TSC2 GAP activity towards RHEB. Implicated as a tumor suppressor. Involved in microtubule-mediated protein transport, but this seems to be due to unregulated mTOR signaling.

Tissue specificity

Highly expressed in skeletal muscle, followed by heart, brain, placenta, pancreas, lung, liver and kidney. Also expressed in embryonic kidney cells.

Involvement in disease

Defects in TSC1 are the cause of tuberous sclerosis type 1 (TSC1) [MIM:191100]. It is an autosomal dominant multi-system disorder that affects especially the brain, kidneys, heart, and skin. TS1C is characterized by hamartomas (benign overgrowths predominantly of a cell or tissue type that occurs normally in the organ) and hamartias (developmental abnormalities of tissue combination). Clinical symptoms can range from benign hypopigmented macules of the skin to profound mental retardation with intractable seizures to premature death from a variety of disease-associated causes.
Defects in TSC1 may be a cause of focal cortical dysplasia of Taylor balloon cell type (FCDBC) [MIM:607341]. FCDBC is a subtype of cortical displasias linked to chronic intractable epilepsy. Cortical dysplasias display a broad spectrum of structural changes, which appear to result from changes in proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis of neuronal precursors and neurons during cortical development.

Domain

The C-terminal putative coiled-coil domain is necessary for interaction with TSC2.

Post-translational
modifications

Phosphorylation at Ser-505 does not affect interaction with TSC2. Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR.

Cellular localization

Cytoplasm. Membrane. At steady state found in association with membranes.

Alternative names

Database links