Anti-Histone H3 (phospho S10, acetyl K9) antibody [APH3-64] (ab12180)

Relevance

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fibre is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. Covalent modifications of the canonical core histones, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and monoubiquitination, are used to mark nucleosomes to create chromatin domains with a range of functions. The information encoded by the modifications can contribute to the formation and/or maintenance of transcriptionally active and inactive chromatin in response to various signalling pathways. Phosphorylation, particularly that of histones H1 and H3, has long been implicated in chromosome condensation during mitosis. However, converging evidence suggests that H3 phosphorylation (specifically serine 10) is also directly correlated with the induction of immediate-early genes such as c-jun, c-fos and c-myc. The potential importance of the serine 10 phosphorylation mark in H3 is strengthened by the finding that MSK1, a kinase activated by growth factor and stress stimuli, also phosphorylates H3 in vitro. H3 phosphorylation at serine 10 in conjunction with phosphorylation at serine 28, is also required for proper segregation and condensation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.

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