Kallikrein 4 peptide (Catalytic domain) (ab43086)

Product Name 

Kallikrein 4 peptide (Catalytic domain)

Product type 

Proteins and Peptides

Peptide 

This peptide was used as an immunogen for ab40950 - Kallikrein 4 antibody - Catalytic domain.

Specificity 

We have a range of domain specific antibodies for this target. For a full list please see all Kallikrein 4 antibodies

Tested applications 
(see key)

ELISA, WB

Application notes 
(see key)

Recommended dilutions
ELISA: Use at an assay dependent dilution. WB: Use at an assay dependent dilution. This peptide can be used with studies using ab40950. Dilution optimised using Chromogenic detection. Not yet tested in other applications. Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.

Research areas 

Cell Biology >> Proteolysis / Ubiquitin >> Proteolytic enzymes >> Serine protease >> Kallikreins
Cancer >> Invasion/microenvironment >> ECM >> Extracellular matrix >> Kallikreins
Signal Transduction >> Cytoskeleton / ECM >> Extracellular Matrix >> ECM Enzymes >> Kallikreins

Relevance 

The human tissue Kallikrein gene family encodes 15 serine proteases. All Kallikreins share structural similarities including cysteine residues, a catalytic triad of His, Asp, and Ser residues, typically five coding exons and varied intron phases. Kallikreins are predominantly secreted as inactive zymogens prior to activation by cleavage of an N terminal peptide and all function extracellularly. Kallikreins can be activated autocatalytically, via other Kallikreins, or additional proteases. While structurally similar, Kallikrein family members have distinct functions and have key roles in many physiological and pathological processes. Many human tissue Kallikreins also show promise as cancer biomarkers, which may facilitate earlier detection and characterization of many forms of cancer.

Kallikrein 4 (hK4) was first described as enamel matrix serine proteinase 1, a serine protease involved in degradation of amelogenin during tooth development and tooth enamel turnover. Unlike another enamel processing enzyme, MMP20, hK4 is not restricted to dental tissues and has been identified in a range of normal and cancerous tissues and cell lines. Androgen response elements have been identified in hK4 genes and the hK4 levels have been shown to be modified by androgens and estrogens, similar to hK3 (PSA). hK4 has also been shown to activate pro-uPa by generating the two chain form after cleavage of the one chain form and thus may participate in an enzyme activation cascade. The Kallikrein 4 signal sequence is thought to be insufficient to allow secretion of hK4 and several reports indicate a predominately nuclear isolation.
The hK4 structure differs from the Kallikrein 1-3 in having a shorter "kallikrein loop", the sequence thought to impart specificity to the classical kallikreins. Endogenous inhibitors include kallistatin, protein C inhibitor and alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor, although hK4 can be found complexed to a number of different proteinase inhibitors.

Purity 

>95% by SDS-PAGE

Storage buffer 

Preservative: None
Constituents: 0.001% Tween 20, 30mM HEPES, 2mM EDTA, 150mM Sodium chloride, pH 6.75

Form 

Liquid

Concentration 

1.000 mg/ml

Storage instructions 

Shipped at 4°C. Upon delivery aliquot and store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.

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