Anti-Alpha 1 microglobulin antibody (ab18514)

Function

Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor inhibits trypsin, plasmin, and lysosomal granulocytic elastase. Inhibits calcium oxalate crystallization.
Trypstatin is a trypsin inhibitor.

Tissue specificity

Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma. Alpha-1-microglobulin occurs in many physiological fluids including plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor is present in plasma and urine.

Sequence similarities

In the N-terminal section; belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
Contains 2 BPTI/Kunitz inhibitor domains.

Post-translational
modifications

The precursor is proteolytically processed into separately functioning proteins.
3-hydroxykynurenine, an oxidized tryptophan metabolite that is common in biological fluids, reacts with Cys-53, Lys-111, Lys-137, and Lys-149 to form heterogeneous polycyclic chromophores including hydroxanthommatin. The reaction by alpha-1-microglobulin is autocatalytic; the human protein forms chromophore even when expressed in insect and bacterial cells. The chromophore can react with accessible cysteines forming non-reducible thioether cross-links with other molecules of alpha-1-microglobulin or with other proteins such as Ig alpha-1 chain C region 'Cys-352'.
Heavy chains are interlinked with bikunin via a chondroitin 4-sulfate bridge to the their C-terminal aspartate.
Addition of glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate, allows cross-linking between the different components.

Cellular localization

Secreted.

Alternative names

Database links