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Products:Neuroscience >> Neurology process >> Neurodegenerative disease >> Alzheimer's disease >> Other
Overview
Product name
Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody
See all PADI2 / PAD2 products (4) ...
Description
Rabbit polyclonal to PADI2 / PAD2
Specificity
ab16478 recognises a specific 43kDa band corresponding to PADI2, which is specifically blocked using the immunizing peptide in human colon, skeletal muscle and kidney lysates. There is a non-specific 18kDa band present in skeletal muscle lysates, which is attributed to cross-reactivity of the PADI2 antibody
Tested applications
Flow Cyt, ICC/IF, IHC-P, ELISA, WBmore details
Cross reactivity
Reacts with
Rat, Human
Immunogen
Synthetic peptide conjugated to KLH derived from within residues 100 - 200 of Human PADI2 / PAD2.
(Peptide available as ab17091.)
Properties
Form
Liquid
Storage instructions
Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.
Storage buffer
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium Azide
Constituents: 1% BSA, PBS, pH 7.4
Concentration
Concentration information loading...
Purity
Immunogen affinity purified
Clonality
Polyclonal
Isotype
IgG
Research areas
Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling >> Chromatin Modifying Enzymes >> Methylation >> Arginine Deimination
Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling >> Chromatin Modifying Enzymes >> Arginine Deiminases
Signal Transduction >> Metabolism >> Amino Acids
Neuroscience >> Neurology process >> Neurodegenerative disease >> Alzheimer's disease >> Other
Applications
Show applications key
Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab16478 in the following tested applications.
The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Application notes
ELISA: Use at an assay dependent dilution (PMID 19085382).
ICC/IF: Use at a concentration of 5 µg/ml.
Flow Cyt: 1/10.
IHC-P: 1/100. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
WB: Use at a concentration of 1 µg/ml. Detects a band of approximately 43 kDa (predicted molecular weight: 45 kDa). Can be blocked with PADI2 / PAD2 peptide (ab17091).
Not yet tested in other applications.
Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Target
Function
Catalyzes the deimination of arginine residues of proteins.
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the protein arginine deiminase family.
Cellular localization
Cytoplasm.
Target information above from: UniProt accessionQ9Y2J8
The UniProt Consortium
The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) in 2010
Nucleic Acids Res. 38:D142-D148 (2010).
Alternative names
- KIAA0994 antibody
- OTTHUMP00000044625 antibody
- PAD 2 antibody
see all
Database links
- Entrez Gene: 11240 Human
- Entrez Gene: 29511 Rat
- Omim: 607935 Human
- SwissProt: Q96DA7 Human
- SwissProt: Q9Y2J8 Human
- SwissProt: P20717 Rat
- Unigene: 33455 Human
- Unigene: 98523 Rat
Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody images:
Western blot - PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (ab16478)
All lanes : Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (ab16478) at 1 µg/ml
Lane 1 : Human Kidney Lysate
Lane 2 : Human Kidney Lysate with PADI2 / PAD2 peptide (ab17091) at 1 µg/ml
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.
Predicted band size : 45 kDa
Observed band size : 43 kDa (why is the actual band size different from the predicted?)
ab16478 recognises a specific band at 43kDa corresponding to PADI2, which is specifically blocked using the immunizing peptide (ab17091).
The length of PADI2 is currently uncertain. According to Strausberg et al. (2002) [PMID: 12477932] it is 437aa in length (~45kDa). However, according to Ishigami et al. (2002) [PMID: 12392711] PADI2 is 665aa (~75kDa).
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (ab16478)
Image courtesy of Human Protein Atlas
ab16478 staining PADI2 in female rectum, showing a distinct and strong staining pattern in glandular cells. Paraffin embedded human skin tissue was incubated with ab16478 (1/100 dilution) for 30 mins at room temperature. Antigen retrieval was performed by heat induction in citrate buffer pH 6.
ab16478 was tested in a tissue microarray (TMA) containing a wide range of normal and cancer tissues as well as a cell microarray consisting of a range of commonly used, well characterised human cell lines. Further results for this antibody can be found at www.proteinatlas.org
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (ab16478)
ICC/IF image of ab16478 stained human Hek293 cells. The cells were PFA fixed (10 min), permabilised in 0.1% PBS-Tween (20 min) and incubated with the antibody (ab16478, 5µg/ml) for 1h at room temperature. 1%BSA / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine was used to block non-specific protein-protein interactions. The secondary antibody (green) was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) used at a 1/1000 dilution for 1h. Alexa Fluor® 594 WGA was used to label plasma membranes (red). DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclei (blue).
Flow Cytometry - PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (ab16478)
ab16478 staining human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (cultured with M-CSF) by Flow Cytometery. Cells were treated with flow cytometery staining buffer (PBS 0.1% sodium azide 1% BSA) and gating was done on myeloid cells. The primary antibody was diluted 1/10 (PBS 0.1% sodium azide 1% BSA) and incubated with sample for 20 minutes at 25°C. An Alexa Fluor® conjugated goat polyclonal to rabbit IgG was used undiluted as secondary.
This image is courtesy of an Abreview submitted by Dr Frances Santiago-Schwarz
References for Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (ab16478)
This product has been referenced in:
- Kilsgård Oet al. Peptidylarginine Deiminases Present in the Airways During Tobacco Smoking and Inflammation can Citrullinate the Host Defense Peptide LL-37 Resulting in Altered Activities. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol : (2011). IHC-P; Human.Read more (PubMed: 21960546) »
- Cafaro TAet al. Peptidylarginine deiminase type 2 is over expressed in the glaucomatous optic nerve. Mol Vis 16:1654-8 (2010). WB, ELISA; Human.Read more (PubMed: 20806090) »
See all 4 publications for this product
Publishing research using ab16478? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet
Please note: All products are "FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND ARE NOT INTENDED FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE"