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Products:Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling >> DNA / RNA >> DNA Damage & Repair >> Mismatch Repair
Overview
Product name
PMS2 peptide
Protein description
Synthetic peptide (Human) conjugated to KLH - which represents a portion of human Post Meiotic Segregation Increased 2 (PMS 2)encoded within exon 2 (LocusLink ID 5395).
Properties
Biological activity
Portions of this peptide represent the epitopes that are recognized by anti PMS2 (ab2178). The peptide blocks the ability of anti PMS2 (ab2178) to bind PMS2.
Form
Liquid
Storage instructions
Store at +4°C.
Storage buffer
Preservative: 0.09% Sodium Azide
Constituents: 0.1% BSA, Tris buffered saline
Concentration
Concentration information loading...
Research areas
Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling >> DNA / RNA >> DNA Damage & Repair >> Mismatch Repair
Applications
Show applications key
Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab40222 in the following tested applications.
The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
BL: Use at an assay dependent dilution.
Protein info
Function
Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). Heterodimerizes with MLH1 to form MutL alpha. DNA repair is initiated by MutS alpha (MSH2-MSH6) or MutS beta (MSH2-MSH6) binding to a dsDNA mismatch, then MutL alpha is recruited to the heteroduplex. Assembly of the MutL-MutS-heteroduplex ternary complex in presence of RFC and PCNA is sufficient to activate endonuclease activity of PMS2. It introduces single-strand breaks near the mismatch and thus generates new entry points for the exonuclease EXO1 to degrade the strand containing the mismatch. DNA methylation would prevent cleavage and therefore assure that only the newly mutated DNA strand is going to be corrected. MulL alpha (MLH1-PMS2) interacts physically with the clamp loader subunits of DNA polymerase III, suggesting that it may play a role to recruit the DNA polymerase III to the site of the MMR. Also implicated in DNA damage signaling, a process which induces cell cycle arrest and can lead to apoptosis in case of major DNA damages.
Involvement in disease
Defects in PMS2 are the cause of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer type 4 (HNPCC4) [MIM:600259]. Mutations in more than one gene locus can be involved alone or in combination in the production of the HNPCC phenotype (also called Lynch syndrome). Most families with clinically recognized HNPCC have mutations in either MLH1 or MSH2 genes. HNPCC is an autosomal, dominantly inherited disease associated with marked increase in cancer susceptibility. It is characterized by a familial predisposition to early onset colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and extra-colonic cancers of the gastrointestinal, urological and female reproductive tracts. HNPCC is reported to be the most common form of inherited colorectal cancer in the Western world, and accounts for 15% of all colon cancers. Cancers in HNPCC originate within benign neoplastic polyps termed adenomas. Clinically, HNPCC is often divided into two subgroups. Type I: hereditary predisposition to colorectal cancer, a young age of onset, and carcinoma observed in the proximal colon. Type II: patients have an increased risk for cancers in certain tissues such as the uterus, ovary, breast, stomach, small intestine, skin, and larynx in addition to the colon. Diagnosis of classical HNPCC is based on the Amsterdam criteria: 3 or more relatives affected by colorectal cancer, one a first degree relative of the other two; 2 or more generation affected; 1 or more colorectal cancers presenting before 50 years of age; exclusion of hereditary polyposis syndromes. The term 'suspected HNPCC' or 'incomplete HNPCC' can be used to describe families who do not or only partially fulfill the Amsterdam criteria, but in whom a genetic basis for colon cancer is strongly suspected.
Defects in PMS2 are a cause of mismatch repair cancer syndrome (MMRCS) [MIM:276300]; also known as Turcot syndrome or brain tumor-polyposis syndrome 1 (BTPS1). MMRCS is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by malignant tumors of the brain associated with multiple colorectal adenomas. Skin features include sebaceous cysts, hyperpigmented and cafe au lait spots.
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair mutL/hexB family.
Cellular localization
Nucleus.
Target information above from: UniProt accessionP54278
The UniProt Consortium
The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) in 2010
Nucleic Acids Res. 38:D142-D148 (2010).
References for PMS2 peptide (ab40222)
ab40222 has not yet been referenced specifically in any publications.
Publishing research using ab40222? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet
Please note: All products are "FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY AND ARE NOT INTENDED FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE"