Anti-Synphilin 1 antibody (ab6179)

Function

Isoform 2 inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of SIAH1 and inhibits proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Isoform 2 inhibits autoubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SIAH1, and thereby increases cellular levels of SIAH. Isoform 2 modulates SNCA monoubiquitination by SIAH1.

Tissue specificity

Detected in brain (at protein level). Widely expressed, with highest levels in brain, heart and placenta.

Involvement in disease

Defects in SNCAIP may be a cause of Parkinson disease (PARK) [MIM:168600]. A complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, resting tremor, muscular rigidity and postural instability. Additional features are characteristic postural abnormalities, dysautonomia, dystonic cramps, and dementia. The pathology of Parkinson disease involves the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies (intraneuronal accumulations of aggregated proteins), in surviving neurons in various areas of the brain. The disease is progressive and usually manifests after the age of 50 years, although early-onset cases (before 50 years) are known. The majority of the cases are sporadic suggesting a multifactorial etiology based on environmental and genetic factors. However, some patients present with a positive family history for the disease. Familial forms of the disease usually begin at earlier ages and are associated with atypical clinical features.

Sequence similarities

Contains 6 ANK repeats.

Post-translational
modifications

Ubiquitinated; mediated by SIAH1, SIAH2 or RNF19A and leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. In the absence of proteasomal degradation, ubiquitinated SNCAIP accumulates in cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Isoform 2 is subject to limited ubiquitination that does not lead to proteasomal degradation.

Cellular localization

Cytoplasm. Detected in cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, together with SNCA.

Alternative names

Database links