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Anti-Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441]
See all Androgen Receptor products (25) ...
Mouse monoclonal [AR 441] to Androgen Receptor
This antibody is specific to a protein of 110 kD, identified as androgen receptor. This antibody reacts with full length androgen receptor and also with the newly described A form of the receptor. This antibody does not cross react with estrogen, progesterone or glucocorticoid receptors.
Flow Cyt, ICC/IF, IHC-P, IHC-Fr, WBmore details
Reacts with
Human
Synthetic peptide: STEDTAEYSPFKGGYTK, corresponding to amino acids 299-315 of Human Androgen Receptor.
STEDTAEYSP FKGGYTK
Prostate Carcinoma.
Liquid
Store at +4°C.
Tissue culture supernatant
Monoclonal
AR 441
unknown
IgG1
unknown
Developmental Biology >> Reproduction >> Hormones
Cancer >> Signal transduction >> Nuclear signaling >> Nuclear hormone receptors >> Other
Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling >> Nuclear Signaling Pathways >> Nuclear Receptors >> Testosterone
Signal Transduction >> Signaling Pathway >> Nuclear Signaling >> Nuclear Hormone Receptors >> Testosterone
Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab9474 in the following tested applications.
The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Flow Cyt: 1/10 - 1/50.
ICC/IF: Use at an assay dependent concentration.
IHC-P: 1/25 - 1/50.Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
IHC-Fr: 1/25 - 1/50.(30 - 60 mins at RT, ABC method. Fix with acetone.)
WB: 1/50 - 1/100.Detects a band of approximately 110 kDa (predicted molecular weight: 99 kDa).
Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3.
Isoform 2 is mainly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle.
Defects in AR are the cause of androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) [MIM:300068]; previously known as testicular feminization syndrome (TFM). AIS is an X-linked recessive form of pseudohermaphroditism due end-organ resistance to androgen. Affected males have female external genitalia, female breast development, blind vagina, absent uterus and female adnexa, and abdominal or inguinal testes, despite a normal 46,XY karyotype.
Defects in AR are the cause of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy X-linked type 1 (SMAX1) [MIM:313200]; also known as Kennedy disease. SMAX1 is an X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular atrophy. Spinal muscular atrophy refers to a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, leading to symmetrical muscle weakness and atrophy. SMAX1 occurs only in men. Age at onset is usually in the third to fifth decade of life, but earlier involvement has been reported. It is characterized by slowly progressive limb and bulbar muscle weakness with fasciculations, muscle atrophy, and gynecomastia. The disorder is clinically similar to classic forms of autosomal spinal muscular atrophy. Note=Caused by trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion. In SMAX1 patients the number of Gln ranges from 38 to 62. Longer expansions result in earlier onset and more severe clinical manifestations of the disease.
Note=Defects in AR may play a role in metastatic prostate cancer. The mutated receptor stimulates prostate growth and metastases development despite of androgen ablation. This treatment can reduce primary and metastatic lesions probably by inducing apoptosis of tumor cells when they express the wild-type receptor.
Defects in AR are the cause of androgen insensitivity syndrome partial (PAIS) [MIM:312300]; also known as Reifenstein syndrome. PAIS is characterized by hypospadias, hypogonadism, gynecomastia, genital ambiguity, normal XY karyotype, and a pedigree pattern consistent with X-linked recessive inheritance. Some patients present azoospermia or severe oligospermia without other clinical manifestations.
Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR3 subfamily.
Contains 1 nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain.
Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain. In the presence of bound steroid the ligand-binding domain interacts with the N-terminal modulating domain, and thereby activates AR transcription factor activity. Agonist binding is required for dimerization and binding to target DNA. The transcription factor activity of the complex formed by ligand-activated AR and DNA is modulated by interactions with coactivator and corepressor proteins. Interaction with RANBP9 is mediated by both the N-terminal domain and the DNA-binding domain. Interaction with EFCAB6/DJBP is mediated by the DNA-binding domain.
Sumoylated on Lys-386 (major) and Lys-520. Ubiquitinated. Deubiquitinated by USP26. 'Lys-6' and 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination by RNF6 modulates AR transcriptional activity and specificity.
Phosphorylated in prostate cancer cells in response to several growth factors including EGF. Phosphorylation is induced by c-Src kinase (CSK). Tyr-534 is one of the major phosphorylation sites and an increase in phosphorylation and Src kinase activity is associated with prostate cancer progression. Phosphorylation by TNK2 enhances the DNA-binding and transcriptional activity and may be responsible for androgen-independent progression of prostate cancer.
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Predominantly cytoplasmic in unliganded form but translocates to the nucleus upon ligand-binding. Can also translocate to the nucleus in unliganded form in the presence of GNB2L1.
Target information above from: UniProt accessionP10275
The UniProt Consortium
The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) in 2010
Nucleic Acids Res. 38:D142-D148 (2010).
There are 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Isoform 1 is also known as: AR-B; isoform 2 is known as AR-A or variant AR45.
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)
![Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)](/ps/datasheet/Images/9/ab9474/ab9474_1.jpg)
ab9474 staining human prostate by IHC-P.
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)](/ps/datasheet/images/9/ab9474/Androgen-Receptor-Primary-antibodies-ab9474-7.jpg)
ab9474 staining the Androgen Receptor in the human 22Rv1 Prostate Cancer Cell Line by ICC/IF (immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence). Cells were formaldehyde fixed, permeabilized by 0.1% Triton for 15 minutes, and blocked with glycine (7.5mg/ml) for 15 minutes at room temperature. The sample was incubated with the primary antibody (1/50 in PBS) for 12 hours at 4°C. An undiluted Alexa Fluor 488®-conjugated Donkey anti-mouse polyclonal was used as the secondary.
This image is courtesy of an Abreview submitted by Dr Victor Campa
Flow Cytometry - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)
![Flow Cytometry - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)](/ps/datasheet/images/9/ab9474/Androgen-Receptor-Primary-antibodies-ab9474-9.jpg)
Overlay histogram showing MCF-7 cells stained with ab9474 (red line). The cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (10 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab9474, 1/10 dilution) for 30 min at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was DyLight ® 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) (ab96879) at 1/500 dilution for 30 min at 22°C. Isotype control antibody (black line) was mouse IgG1 [ICIGG1] (ab91353, 2µg/1x106 cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >5,000 events was performed. This antibody gave a positive signal in MCF-7 cells fixed with methanol (5 min)/permeabilized in 0.1% PBS-Tween used under the same conditions.
Flow Cytometry-Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441](ab9474)
](/ps/datasheet/images/9/ab9474/Androgen-Receptor-Primary-antibodies-ab9474-10.jpg)
Overlay histogram showing PC3 cells stained with ab9474 (red line). The cells were fixed with methanol (5 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab9474, 1/10 dilution) for 30 min at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was DyLight ® 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) (ab96879) at 1/500 dilution for 30 min at 22°C. Isotype control antibody (black line) was mouse IgG1 [ICIGG1] (ab91353, 2µg/1x106 cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >5,000 events was performed. This antibody gave a decreased signal in PC3 cells fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (10 min)/permeabilized in 0.1% PBS-Tween used under the same conditions.
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![Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)](/ps/datasheet/Images/9/ab9474/ab9474_1.jpg)
ab9474 staining human prostate by IHC-P.
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)](/ps/datasheet/images/9/ab9474/Androgen-Receptor-Primary-antibodies-ab9474-7.jpg)
ab9474 staining the Androgen Receptor in the human 22Rv1 Prostate Cancer Cell Line by ICC/IF (immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence). Cells were formaldehyde fixed, permeabilized by 0.1% Triton for 15 minutes, and blocked with glycine (7.5mg/ml) for 15 minutes at room temperature. The sample was incubated with the primary antibody (1/50 in PBS) for 12 hours at 4°C. An undiluted Alexa Fluor 488®-conjugated Donkey anti-mouse polyclonal was used as the secondary.
This image is courtesy of an Abreview submitted by Dr Victor Campa
![Flow Cytometry - Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] (ab9474)](/ps/datasheet/images/9/ab9474/Androgen-Receptor-Primary-antibodies-ab9474-9.jpg)
Overlay histogram showing MCF-7 cells stained with ab9474 (red line). The cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (10 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab9474, 1/10 dilution) for 30 min at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was DyLight ® 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) (
](/ps/datasheet/images/9/ab9474/Androgen-Receptor-Primary-antibodies-ab9474-10.jpg)
Overlay histogram showing PC3 cells stained with ab9474 (red line). The cells were fixed with methanol (5 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab9474, 1/10 dilution) for 30 min at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was DyLight ® 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) (
![Androgen Receptor antibody [AR 441] for Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) in Human (9474)](/ps/datasheet/images/9/ab9474/Androgen-Receptor-Primary-antibodies-ab9474-11.jpg)
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