Anti-gamma H2A.X (phospho S139) antibody - C-terminal (ab228655)
Key features and details
- Rabbit polyclonal to gamma H2A.X (phospho S139) - C-terminal
- Suitable for: WB, IHC - Wholemount
- Reacts with: Zebrafish
- Isotype: IgG
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Overview
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Product name
Anti-gamma H2A.X (phospho S139) antibody - C-terminal
See all gamma H2A.X primary antibodies -
Description
Rabbit polyclonal to gamma H2A.X (phospho S139) - C-terminal -
Host species
Rabbit -
Tested applications
Suitable for: WB, IHC - Wholemountmore details -
Species reactivity
Reacts with: Zebrafish -
Immunogen
Synthetic peptide within Zebrafish Histone H2A.X (C terminal) (phospho S139). The exact sequence is proprietary.
Database link: Q7ZUY3 -
Positive control
- IHC-Wm: 24 hours post-fertilization (UV-irradiated) and 2 days-post-fertilization zebrafish embryos. WB: UVC treated 3dpf zebrafish embryos extracts.
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General notes
The Life Science industry has been in the grips of a reproducibility crisis for a number of years. Abcam is leading the way in addressing this with our range of recombinant monoclonal antibodies and knockout edited cell lines for gold-standard validation. Please check that this product meets your needs before purchasing.
If you have any questions, special requirements or concerns, please send us an inquiry and/or contact our Support team ahead of purchase. Recommended alternatives for this product can be found below, along with publications, customer reviews and Q&As
Properties
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Form
Liquid -
Storage instructions
Shipped at 4°C. Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Upon delivery aliquot. Store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle. -
Storage buffer
pH: 7.00
Preservative: 0.025% Proclin 300
Constituents: 78% PBS, 1% BSA, 20% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine) -
Concentration information loading...
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Purity
Immunogen affinity purified -
Clonality
Polyclonal -
Isotype
IgG -
Research areas
Associated products
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Compatible Secondaries
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Isotype control
Applications
The Abpromise guarantee
Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab228655 in the following tested applications.
The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Application | Abreviews | Notes |
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WB |
1/500 - 1/3000. Predicted molecular weight: 15 kDa.
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IHC - Wholemount |
1/100 - 1/500.
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Notes |
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WB
1/500 - 1/3000. Predicted molecular weight: 15 kDa. |
IHC - Wholemount
1/100 - 1/500. |
Target
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Function
Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Required for checkpoint-mediated arrest of cell cycle progression in response to low doses of ionizing radiation and for efficient repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) specifically when modified by C-terminal phosphorylation. -
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the histone H2A family. -
Developmental stage
Synthesized in G1 as well as in S-phase. -
Domain
The [ST]-Q motif constitutes a recognition sequence for kinases from the PI3/PI4-kinase family. -
Post-translational
modificationsPhosphorylated on Ser-140 (to form gamma-H2AFX or H2AX139ph) in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) generated by exogenous genotoxic agents and by stalled replication forks, and may also occur during meiotic recombination events and immunoglobulin class switching in lymphocytes. Phosphorylation can extend up to several thousand nucleosomes from the actual site of the DSB and may mark the surrounding chromatin for recruitment of proteins required for DNA damage signaling and repair. Widespread phosphorylation may also serve to amplify the damage signal or aid repair of persistent lesions. Phosphorylation of Ser-140 (H2AX139ph) in response to ionizing radiation is mediated by both ATM and PRKDC while defects in DNA replication induce Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) subsequent to activation of ATR and PRKDC. Dephosphorylation of Ser-140 by PP2A is required for DNA DSB repair. In meiosis, Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) may occur at synaptonemal complexes during leptotene as an ATM-dependent response to the formation of programmed DSBs by SPO11. Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) may subsequently occurs at unsynapsed regions of both autosomes and the XY bivalent during zygotene, downstream of ATR and BRCA1 activation. Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) may also be required for transcriptional repression of unsynapsed chromatin and meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI), whereby the X and Y chromosomes condense in pachytene to form the heterochromatic XY-body. During immunoglobulin class switch recombination in lymphocytes, Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) may occur at sites of DNA-recombination subsequent to activation of the activation-induced cytidine deaminase AICDA. Phosphorylation at Tyr-143 (H2AXY142ph) by BAZ1B/WSTF determines the relative recruitment of either DNA repair or pro-apoptotic factors. Phosphorylation at Tyr-143 (H2AXY142ph) favors the recruitment of APBB1/FE65 and pro-apoptosis factors such as MAPK8/JNK1, triggering apoptosis. In contrast, dephosphorylation of Tyr-143 by EYA proteins (EYA1, EYA2, EYA3 or EYA4) favors the recruitment of MDC1-containing DNA repair complexes to the tail of phosphorylated Ser-140 (H2AX139ph).
Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AXK119ub) by RING1 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Monoubiquitination and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination are distinct events. -
Cellular localization
Nucleus. Chromosome. - Information by UniProt
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Database links
- Entrez Gene: 394048 Zebrafish
- SwissProt: Q7ZUY3 Zebrafish
- Unigene: 114938 Zebrafish
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Alternative names
- H2A histone family member X antibody
- H2A histone family member X antibody
- H2A.FX antibody
see all
Images
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24 hours-post-fertilization, UV-irradiated zebrafish embryo stained for Histone H2A.X (phospho S139) with ab228655 (green) at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical wholemount analysis.
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All lanes : Anti-gamma H2A.X (phospho S139) antibody - C-terminal (ab228655) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1 : 3dpf zebrafish embryo whole cell extract
Lane 2 : 3dpf zebrafish embryos treated with 8000 J/m2 UVC, whole cell extract
Secondary
All lanes : HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG
Developed using the ECL technique.
Predicted band size: 15 kDa15% SDS-PAGE
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2 days-post-fertilization zebrafish embryo stained for Histone H2A.X (phospho S139) with ab228655 at a 1:100 dilution in immunohistochemical wholemount analysis.
Protocols
To our knowledge, customised protocols are not required for this product. Please try the standard protocols listed below and let us know how you get on.
Datasheets and documents
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SDS download
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Datasheet download
References (3)
ab228655 has been referenced in 3 publications.
- Liu R et al. Understanding the Function and Mechanism of Zebrafish Tmem39b in Regulating Cold Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 23:N/A (2022). PubMed: 36232766
- Conedera FM et al. The TGFβ/Notch axis facilitates Müller cell-to-epithelial transition to ultimately form a chronic glial scar. Mol Neurodegener 16:69 (2021). PubMed: 34593012
- Kim MJ et al. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity is induced via poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation in adult zebrafish and mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 318:R843-R854 (2020). PubMed: 32186196