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Stochastic Events in Stem Cell Differentiation and Reprogramming

Start date
October 28, 2010
End date
October 29, 2010
Venue
Caesar’s Palace
Location
Las Vegas, Nevada USA
Topics
Programming and reprogramming. RNA control of stem cell and developmental biology. Chromatin mediated control of stem cell differentiation.

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Speaker named one of the world's top young innovators
Jacob Hanna (Whitehead Institute) has been recognized as a 2010 Young Innovator by MIT’s Technology Review magazine. Congratulations!

Description

About the chair
Kevin Eggan (Harvard University) is a developmental biologist at the forefront of addressing fundamental questions about cellular differentiation and plasticity. In addition to their importance to basic biology, these questions hold essential implications for developing therapeutic stem cell lines from adult cell nuclei. His research explores the mechanisms of which somatic cell nuclear transfer (cloning) can reverse the differentiation of a cell by “reprogramming” its nucleus to the totipotent state. His accomplishments place him at the forefront of a most exciting new branch of biology the use of nuclear transfer and stem cell technologies to explore mammalian development, i.e., how a single cell grows into a complex organism.

In an important study of X chromosome inactivation in cloned mouse embryos, Eggan demonstrated that the nuclear transfer procedure leads to epigenetic reprogramming of the donor genome. More recently, he showed that nuclei of even highly specialized cells, such as olfactory neurons which express only a single odorant receptor, retain full developmental potential. After careful review by independent human subjects and ethics panel’s, Eggan received permission in June 2006 to initiate efforts at Harvard to create embryonic stem cell lines from skin cells of patients suffering from several debilitating or terminal diseases. By exploring the possibilities of redirecting stem cells from adult tissue or differentiated tissue, Eggan is moving us an important step closer to developing therapeutic applications for diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and insulin-dependent diabetes, as well as providing an experimental platform for investigating the genetic and environmental factors that give rise to such diseases.