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Alternative names
- GP88
- Granulin A
- Granulin B
- Granulin C
- Granulin D
- Granulin E
- Granulin epithelin
- Granulin F
- Granulin G
- Granulin-7
- Granulins
- GRN
- GRN_HUMAN
- PC cell derived growth factor
- PCDGF
- PEPI
- PGRN
- Proepithelin
- Progranulin
see all
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Function
Granulins have possible cytokine-like activity. They may play a role in inflammation, wound repair, and tissue remodeling.
Granulin-4 promotes proliferation of the epithelial cell line A431 in culture while granulin-3 acts as an antagonist to granulin-4, inhibiting the growth.
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Tissue specificity
In myelogenous leukemic cell lines of promonocytic, promyelocytic, and proerythroid lineage, in fibroblasts, and very strongly in epithelial cell lines. Present in inflammatory cells and bone marrow. Highest levels in kidney.
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Involvement in disease
Defects in GRN are the cause of ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia (UP-FTD) [MIM:607485]; also known as tau-negative frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second most common cause of dementia in people under the age of 65 years. It is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease.
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Sequence similarities
Belongs to the granulin family.
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Post-translational
modifications
Granulins are disulfide bridged.
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Cellular localization
Secreted.
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Information by UniProt