Recombinant Anti-Androgen Receptor antibody [SP242] - C-terminal (ab227678)
Key features and details
- Produced recombinantly (animal-free) for high batch-to-batch consistency and long term security of supply
- Rabbit monoclonal [SP242] to Androgen Receptor - C-terminal
- Suitable for: IHC-P
- Reacts with: Mouse, Rat, Human
Related conjugates and formulations
Overview
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Product name
Anti-Androgen Receptor antibody [SP242] - C-terminal
See all Androgen Receptor primary antibodies -
Description
Rabbit monoclonal [SP242] to Androgen Receptor - C-terminal -
Host species
Rabbit -
Tested applications
Suitable for: IHC-Pmore details -
Species reactivity
Reacts with: Mouse, Rat, Human
Predicted to work with: Rabbit, Dog, Pig -
Immunogen
Synthetic peptide. This information is proprietary to Abcam and/or its suppliers.
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Positive control
- IHC-P: Human prostate carcinoma, Human testis, Mouse testis and Rat testis tissues.
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General notes
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
- - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
- - Improved sensitivity and specificity
- - Long-term security of supply
- - Animal-free production
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
This product is FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. For commercial use, please contact partnerships@abcam.com.
Properties
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Form
Liquid -
Storage instructions
Shipped at 4°C. Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Upon delivery aliquot. Store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle. -
Storage buffer
pH: 7.20
Preservative: 0.1% Sodium azide
Constituents: 1% BSA, PBS -
Concentration information loading...
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Purity
Protein A purified -
Clonality
Monoclonal -
Clone number
SP242 -
Isotype
IgG -
Research areas
Associated products
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Alternative Versions
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Compatible Secondaries
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Isotype control
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Recombinant Protein
Applications
The Abpromise guarantee
Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab227678 in the following tested applications.
The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Application | Abreviews | Notes |
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IHC-P |
1/100.
For antigen retrieval: Boil tissue section in EDTA buffer, pH 8.0 for 10 minutes followed by cooling at room temperature for 20 minutes. |
Notes |
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IHC-P
1/100. For antigen retrieval: Boil tissue section in EDTA buffer, pH 8.0 for 10 minutes followed by cooling at room temperature for 20 minutes. |
Target
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Function
Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3.
Isoform 3 and isoform 4 lack the C-terminal ligand-binding domain and may therefore constitutively activate the transcription of a specific set of genes independently of steroid hormones. -
Tissue specificity
Isoform 2 is mainly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle (PubMed:15634333). Isoform 3 is expressed by basal and stromal cells of prostate (at protein level) (PubMed:19244107). -
Involvement in disease
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy X-linked 1
Defects in AR may play a role in metastatic prostate cancer. The mutated receptor stimulates prostate growth and metastases development despite of androgen ablation. This treatment can reduce primary and metastatic lesions probably by inducing apoptosis of tumor cells when they express the wild-type receptor.
Androgen insensitivity, partial -
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR3 subfamily.
Contains 1 nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain. -
Domain
Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain. In the presence of bound steroid the ligand-binding domain interacts with the N-terminal modulating domain, and thereby activates AR transcription factor activity. Agonist binding is required for dimerization and binding to target DNA. The transcription factor activity of the complex formed by ligand-activated AR and DNA is modulated by interactions with coactivator and corepressor proteins. Interaction with RANBP9 is mediated by both the N-terminal domain and the DNA-binding domain. Interaction with EFCAB6/DJBP is mediated by the DNA-binding domain. -
Post-translational
modificationsSumoylated on Lys-388 (major) and Lys-521. Ubiquitinated. Deubiquitinated by USP26. 'Lys-6' and 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination by RNF6 modulates AR transcriptional activity and specificity.
Phosphorylated in prostate cancer cells in response to several growth factors including EGF. Phosphorylation is induced by c-Src kinase (CSK). Tyr-535 is one of the major phosphorylation sites and an increase in phosphorylation and Src kinase activity is associated with prostate cancer progression. Phosphorylation by TNK2 enhances the DNA-binding and transcriptional activity and may be responsible for androgen-independent progression of prostate cancer. Phosphorylation at Ser-83 by CDK9 regulates AR promoter selectivity and cell growth. Phosphorylation by PAK6 leads to AR-mediated transcription inhibition.
Palmitoylated by ZDHHC7 and ZDHHC21. Palmitoylation is required for plasma membrane targeting and for rapid intracellular signaling via ERK and AKT kinases and cAMP generation. -
Cellular localization
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Predominantly cytoplasmic in unligated form but translocates to the nucleus upon ligand-binding. Can also translocate to the nucleus in unligated form in the presence of RACK1. - Information by UniProt
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Database links
- Entrez Gene: 403588 Dog
- Entrez Gene: 367 Human
- Entrez Gene: 11835 Mouse
- Entrez Gene: 397582 Pig
- Entrez Gene: 100009193 Rabbit
- Entrez Gene: 24208 Rat
- Omim: 313700 Human
- SwissProt: Q9TT90 Dog
see all -
Form
There are 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Isoform 1 is also known as: AR-B; isoform 2 is known as AR-A or variant AR45. -
Alternative names
- AIS antibody
- ANDR_HUMAN antibody
- Androgen nuclear receptor variant 2 antibody
see all
Images
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Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Rat testis tissue sections labeling Androgen Receptor with ab227678 at 1/100 dilution (3.49 µg/ml). Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 10mins. Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB (ab209101) was used as the secondary antibody. Hematoxylin was used as a counterstain. Nuclear staining on rat testis, performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND™ RX instrument.
The section was incubated with ab227678 for 30 mins at room temperature. -
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Mouse testis tissue sections labeling Androgen Receptor with ab227678 at 1/100 dilution (3.49 µg/ml). Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 10mins. Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB (ab209101) was used as the secondary antibody. Hematoxylin was used as a counterstain. Nuclear staining on mouse testis, performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND™ RX instrument.
The section was incubated with ab227678 for 30 mins at room temperature. -
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human testis tissue sections labeling Androgen Receptor with ab227678 at 1/100 dilution (3.49 µg/ml). Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 10mins. Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB (ab209101) was used as the secondary antibody. Hematoxylin was used as a counterstain. Nuclear staining on human testis, performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND™ RX instrument.
The section was incubated with ab227678 for 30 mins at room temperature. -
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human prostate cancer tissue sections labeling Androgen Receptor with ab227678 at 1/100 dilution (3.49 µg/ml). Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 10mins. Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB (ab209101) was used as the secondary antibody. Hematoxylin was used as a counterstain. Nuclear staining on human prostate cancer, performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND™ RX instrument.
The section was incubated with ab227678 for 30 mins at room temperature. -
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human prostate adenocarcinoma tissue stained for Androgen Receptor with ab227678 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.
Protocols
To our knowledge, customised protocols are not required for this product. Please try the standard protocols listed below and let us know how you get on.
Datasheets and documents
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SDS download
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Datasheet download
References (2)
ab227678 has been referenced in 2 publications.
- Vellky JE & Ricke WA Development and prevalence of castration-resistant prostate cancer subtypes. Neoplasia 22:566-575 (2020). PubMed: 32980775
- Gjyrezi A et al. Taxane resistance in prostate cancer is mediated by decreased drug-target engagement. J Clin Invest 130:3287-3298 (2020). PubMed: 32478682