For the best experience on the Abcam website please upgrade to a modern browser such as Google Chrome

We use cookies to make our site as useful as possible.

Our Cookie Policy explains how you can opt-out of the cookies we use.

If you continue without changing your cookie settings, we'll assume you’re happy with this.

Continue Continue

United States
Your country/region is currently set to:

If incorrect, please enter your country/region into the box below, to view site information related to your country/region.

Call (888) 77-ABCAM (22226) or contact us
Need help? Contact us

  • My account
  • Sign out
Sign in or Register with us

Welcome

Sign in or

Don't have an account?

Register with us
My basket
Quick order
Abcam homepage

  • Research Products
    By product type
    Primary antibodies
    Secondary antibodies
    ELISA and Matched Antibody Pair Kits
    Cell and tissue imaging tools
    Cellular and biochemical assays
    Proteins and Peptides
    By product type
    Proteomics tools
    Agonists, activators, antagonists and inhibitors
    Cell lines and Lysates
    Multiplex miRNA assays
    Multiplex Assays
    By research area
    Cancer
    Cardiovascular
    Cell Biology
    Epigenetics
    Metabolism
    Developmental Biology
    By research area
    Immunology
    Microbiology
    Neuroscience
    Signal Transduction
    Stem Cells
  • Diagnostic & Therapeutic Solutions
    Custom solutions & partnerships

    Custom antibody development and commercial partnerships to advance your diagnostic and therapeutic discovery.

    Create custom solutions with us

    Partner with us

  • Support
    Support hub

    Access advice and support for any research roadblock

    View support hub

    Protocols

    Your experiments laid out step by step

    View protocols

  • Events
    • Conference calendar
    • Cancer
    • Cardiovascular
    • Epigenetics & Nuclear signaling
    • Immunology
    • Neuroscience
    • Stem cells
    • Tradeshows
    • Scientific webinars
    Keep up to date with the latest events

    Full event breakdown with abstracts, speakers, registration and more

    View global event calendar

  • Pathways
    Cell signalling pathways

    View all pathways

    View all interactive pathways

Supporting our customers and employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Read more

  1. Link

    androgen-receptor-ar-v7-specific-antibody-epr15656-ab198394.pdf

  1. Send me a copy of this email
    I agree to the terms and conditions.
Share by email
RecombinantRabMAb

Recombinant Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)

  • Datasheet
  • SDS
  • Certificate of Compliance
Reviews (4) Submit a question References (27)

Product price, shipping and contact information

Currently unavailable

Sorry, we can't display this right now.

Please contact us to place your order, or try again later.

 

Loading size & price…

 

Shipping and order information

Abpromise

Guaranteed product quality, expert customer support.

Find out more.

Western blot - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
  • Western blot - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
  • Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)

Key features and details

  • Produced recombinantly (animal-free) for high batch-to-batch consistency and long term security of supply
  • Rabbit monoclonal [EPR15656] to Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific)
  • Suitable for: IHC-P, WB
  • Reacts with: Human

You may also be interested in

Array
Product image
Human Inflammation Antibody Array - Membrane (40 Targets) (ab134003)
Primary
Product image
Anti-Androgen receptor variant 5,6,7es antibody [EPR15657] (ab200827)
Secondary
Product image
Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab205718)

View more associated products

Overview

  • Product name

    Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656]
    See all Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) primary antibodies
  • Description

    Rabbit monoclonal [EPR15656] to Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific)
  • Host species

    Rabbit
  • Tested Applications & Species

    Application Species
    IHC-P
    Human
    WB
    Human
    See all applications and species data
  • Immunogen

    This information is proprietary to Abcam and/or its suppliers.
    (Peptide available as ab223099)

  • Positive control

    • WB: 22Rv1 whole cell lysate. IHC-P: Human prostate cancer and breast tumor tissue.
  • General notes

    Note that for IHC it is recommended to use high pH (9.0) antigen retrieval buffer and a high sensitivity detection system, such as our Rabbit Specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB (ab209101). 

    For Androgen receptor variant 5,6,7es (ARv567es) specific RabMAb product - see ab200827.

    This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

    • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
    • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
    • - Long-term security of supply
    • - Animal-free production
    For more information see here.

    Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

Properties

  • Form

    Liquid
  • Storage instructions

    Shipped at 4°C. Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Upon delivery aliquot. Store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle.
  • Storage buffer

    pH: 7.2
    Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
    Constituents: PBS, 40% Glycerol, 0.05% BSA
  • Concentration information loading...
  • Purity

    Protein A purified
  • Clonality

    Monoclonal
  • Clone number

    EPR15656
  • Isotype

    IgG

Associated products

  • Alternative Versions

    • Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] - Low endotoxin, Azide free (ab209491)
    • Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] - BSA and Azide free (ab209972)
  • Compatible Secondaries

    • Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (ab150077)
    • Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab205718)
    • Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051)
  • Immunizing Peptide (Blocking)

    • Human Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) peptide (ab223099)
  • Isotype control

    • Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control (ab172730)
  • Related Products

    • Prestained Protein Ladder - Broad molecular weight (10-245 kDa) (ab116028)
    • Anti-Androgen receptor variant 5,6,7es antibody [EPR15657] (ab200827)

Applications

The Abpromise guarantee

Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab198394 in the following tested applications.

The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.

Guaranteed

Tested applications are guaranteed to work and covered by our Abpromise guarantee.

Predicted

Predicted to work for this combination of applications and species but not guaranteed.

Incompatible

Does not work for this combination of applications and species.

Application Species
IHC-P
Human
WB
Human
Application Abreviews Notes
IHC-P
1/250. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
WB (1)
1/1000. Detects a band of approximately 80 kDa (predicted molecular weight: 68 kDa).Can be blocked with Human Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) peptide (ab223099).

We recommend to use 1%SDS Hot lysis prepare method.

Notes
IHC-P
1/250. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
WB
1/1000. Detects a band of approximately 80 kDa (predicted molecular weight: 68 kDa).Can be blocked with Human Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) peptide (ab223099).

We recommend to use 1%SDS Hot lysis prepare method.

  • Application notes
    Is unsuitable for ICC/IF.
  • Target

    • Relevance

      Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. Contains nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain. Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. This target is a splice variant of Androgen receptor (UniProt P10275) lacking the C-terminal androgen binding site.
    • Cellular localization

      Nuclear
    • Database links

      • SwissProt: C0JKD3 Human
      • SwissProt: E7EVX6 Human
      • Alternative names

        • Androgen receptor splice variant 3 antibody
        • AR-V7 antibody
        • AR-V7(AR3) antibody
        • AR3 antibody
        • ARv7 antibody
        see all

      Images

      • Western blot - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Western blot - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        All lanes : Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394) at 1/1000 dilution

        Lane 1 : T-47D (Human ductal breast epithelial tumor cell line) whole cell lysate at 10 µg
        Lane 2 : PC-3 (Human prostate cancer cell line) whole cell lysate at 10 µg
        Lane 3 : LNCaP (Human prostate cancer cell line) whole cell lysate at 20 µg
        Lane 4 : Human fetal liver lysate at 10 µg
        Lane 5 : Human prostate lysate at 10 µg
        Lane 6 : 22Rv1 (Human prostate carcinoma cell line) whole cell lysate at 10 µg

        Secondary
        All lanes : Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated at 1/1000 dilution

        Predicted band size: 68 kDa
        Observed band size: 80 kDa why is the actual band size different from the predicted?


        Exposure time: 3 minutes


        Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.

         

      • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)

        Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate cancer tissue labeling Androgen Receptor(AR-V7) with ab198394 at 1/250 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) secondary antibody at 1/500 dilution. Counterstained with hematoxylin.

        Negative control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) at 1/500 dilution.

        Nucleus staining on cancer cells of human prostate cancer (case#:F123132) is observed.

        Cancer Res. 2014 Apr 15;74(8):2270-82. PMID:24556717

        Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;69(1):16-22. PMID:19117982

        PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27970. PMID:22114732

         

        Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

      • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)Image from Hickey et al., Oncotarget., 6(42): 44728–44744. Fig 2 (Panel D).; doi: https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.6296. Reproduced under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/.

        Detection of AR-V7 protein by IHC in 3 breast tumors with high levels of AR-V7 mRNA expression (left). Positive staining was not detected in specimens that do not express AR-V7 mRNA (a representative is shown on the right). Inset images of higher magnification demonstrate strong nuclear staining. Refer to PMID 26554309.

        Image from Hickey et al., Oncotarget., 6(42): 44728–44744. Fig 2 (Panel D).; doi: https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.6296

        license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

         

      • Western blot - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Western blot - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        All lanes : Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394) at 1/1000 dilution (Purified)

        Lane 1 : 22Rv1 (Human prostate carcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysates prepared in 1%SDS Hot lysis method
        Lane 2 : 22Rv1 (Human prostate carcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysates prepared in RIPA lysis method

        Lysates/proteins at 15 µg per lane.

        Secondary
        All lanes : Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) at 1/20000 dilution (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated)

        Predicted band size: 68 kDa
        Observed band size: 80 kDa why is the actual band size different from the predicted?


        Exposure time: 3 minutes


        This antibody works better in 1%SDS Hot Lysates in WB. For Lysate preparation protocol, please refer to the protocol here (downloadable copy).

        Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.

      • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)

        Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate cancer tissue labeling Androgen Receptor(AR-V7) with ab198394 at 1/250 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) secondary antibody at 1/500 dilution. Counterstained with hematoxylin.

        Negative on cancer cells of human prostate cancer (case#:F11194)

        Cancer Res. 2014 Apr 15;74(8):2270-82. PMID:24556717

        Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;69(1):16-22. PMID:19117982

        PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27970. PMID:22114732

        Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

      • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)

        Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate cancer tissue labeling Androgen Receptor(AR-V7) with ab198394 at 1/250 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) secondary antibody at 1/500 dilution. Counterstained with hematoxylin.

        Negative on cancer cells of human prostate cancer (case#:F121524)

        Cancer Res. 2014 Apr 15;74(8):2270-82. PMID:24556717

        Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;69(1):16-22. PMID:19117982

        PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27970. PMID:22114732

        Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

      • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)

        Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human liver tissue labeling Androgen Receptor(AR-V7) with ab198394 at 1/250 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) secondary antibody at 1/500 dilution. Counterstained with hematoxylin.

        Negative staining on normal human liver tissue.

        Cancer Res. 2014 Apr 15;74(8):2270-82. PMID:24556717

        Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;69(1):16-22. PMID:19117982

        Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

      • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)

        Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human hepatocellular carcinoma tissue labeling AR-V7 with ab198394 at 1/250 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) secondary antibody at 1/500 dilution. Counterstained with hematoxylin.

        Negative staining on human hepatocellular carcinoma.

        Cancer Res. 2014 Apr 15;74(8):2270-82. PMID:24556717

        Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;69(1):16-22. PMID:19117982

        Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

      • Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)
        Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656] (ab198394)

      Protocols

      • Western blot protocols
      • Immunohistochemistry protocols

      Click here to view the general protocols

      Datasheets and documents

      • SDS download

      • Datasheet download

        Download

      Certificate of Compliance

      To download a Certificate of Compliance, please enter your Lot number below:

      References (27)

      Publishing research using ab198394? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet.

      ab198394 has been referenced in 27 publications.

      • Cao Q  et al. Targeting the KIF4A/AR Axis to Reverse Endocrine Therapy Resistance in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 26:1516-1528 (2020). PubMed: 31796514
      • Takayama KI  et al. Identification of long non-coding RNAs in advanced prostate cancer associated with androgen receptor splicing factors. Commun Biol 3:393 (2020). PubMed: 32704143
      • Cato L  et al. ARv7 Represses Tumor-Suppressor Genes in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancer Cell 35:401-413.e6 (2019). PubMed: 30773341
      • Chen W  et al. miR-103a-2-5p/miR-30c-1-3p inhibits the progression of prostate cancer resistance to androgen ablation therapy via targeting androgen receptor variant 7. J Cell Biochem 120:14055-14064 (2019). PubMed: 30963631
      • Honda M  et al. Differential expression of androgen receptor variants in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer xenografts, castration-resistant sublines, and patient specimens according to the treatment sequence. Prostate 79:1043-1052 (2019). PubMed: 30998834
      View all Publications for this product

      Customer reviews and Q&As

      Show All Reviews Q&A
      Submit a review Submit a question

      1-4 of 4 Abreviews or Q&A

      Western blot abreview for Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656]

      Good
      Abreviews
      Abreviews
      abreview image
      Application
      Western blot
      Sample
      Human Cell lysate - whole cell (Prostate cancer cells)
      Gel Running Conditions
      Reduced Denaturing
      Loading amount
      20 µg
      Specification
      Prostate cancer cells
      Blocking step
      Milk as blocking agent for 1 hour(s) and 0 minute(s) · Concentration: 5% · Temperature: RT°C
      Read More

      Abcam user community

      Verified customer

      Submitted Jul 08 2019

      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence abreview for Anti-Androgen Receptor(AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656]

      Inconclusive
      Abreviews
      Abreviews
      This product is known to not work in this application or species.
      abreview image
      Application
      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
      Sample
      Human Cell (prostate cancer)
      Permeabilization
      Yes - 0.2% Triton X-100
      Specification
      prostate cancer
      Blocking step
      BSA as blocking agent for 1 hour(s) and 0 minute(s) · Concentration: 3% · Temperature: 25°C
      Fixative
      Paraformaldehyde
      Read More

      Chiping Qian

      Verified customer

      Submitted Sep 09 2016

      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence abreview for Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656]

      Excellent
      Abreviews
      Abreviews
      This product is known to not work in this application or species.
      abreview image
      Application
      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
      Sample
      Human Cell (DU145 Prostate cancer cell line)
      Permeabilization
      Yes - 0.1% v/v TritonX-100
      Specification
      DU145 Prostate cancer cell line
      Blocking step
      BSA as blocking agent for 20 minute(s) · Concentration: 5% · Temperature: RT°C
      Fixative
      Paraformaldehyde
      Read More

      Dr. Dimitra Kalamida

      Verified customer

      Submitted May 30 2016

      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence abreview for Anti-Androgen Receptor (AR-V7 specific) antibody [EPR15656]

      Good
      Abreviews
      Abreviews
      This product is known to not work in this application or species.
      abreview image
      Application
      Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
      Sample
      Human Cell (LNCaP clone FCG (ATCC CRL-1740))
      Permeabilization
      No
      Specification
      LNCaP clone FCG (ATCC CRL-1740)
      Blocking step
      BSA as blocking agent for 30 minute(s) · Concentration: 1% · Temperature: RT°C
      Fixative
      Paraformaldehyde
      Read More

      Mr. Vincent Tuminelli

      Verified customer

      Submitted Mar 30 2016

      Please note: All products are "FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES"
      For licensing inquiries, please contact partnerships@abcam.com

      Get resources and offers direct to your inbox Sign up
      A-Z by research area
      • Cancer
      • Cardiovascular
      • Cell biology
      • Developmental biology
      • Epigenetics & Nuclear signaling
      • Immunology
      • Metabolism
      • Microbiology
      • Neuroscience
      • Signal transduction
      • Stem cells
      A-Z by product type
      • Primary antibodies
      • Secondary antibodies
      • Biochemicals
      • Isotype controls
      • Flow cytometry multi-color selector
      • Kits
      • Loading controls
      • Lysates
      • Peptides
      • Proteins
      • Slides
      • Tags and cell markers
      • Tools & Reagents
      Help & support
      • Support
      • Make an Inquiry
      • Protocols & troubleshooting
      • Placing an order
      • RabMAb products
      • Biochemical product FAQs
      • Training
      • Browse by Target
      Company
      • Corporate site
      • Investor relations
      • Company news
      • Careers
      • About us
      • Blog
      Events
      • Tradeshows
      • Conferences
      International websites
      • abcam.cn
      • abcam.co.jp

      Join with us

      • LinkedIn
      • facebook
      • Twitter
      • YouTube
      • Terms of sale
      • Website terms of use
      • Cookie policy
      • Privacy policy
      • Legal
      • Modern slavery statement
      © 1998-2021 Abcam plc. All rights reserved.