Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)

Submit a review Q&A (17)References (21)

Overview

  • Product name

    Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit

  • Detection method

    Colorimetric/Fluorometric

  • Sample type

    Cell culture supernatant, Urine, Serum, Plasma, Cell culture extracts, Other biological fluids, Tissue Extracts

  • Assay type

    Quantitative

  • Sensitivity

    > 0.01 nmol/well

  • Range

    0.01 nmol/well - 5 nmol/well

  • Assay time

    0h 40m

  • Species reactivity

    Reacts with: Mammals, Other species

  • Product overview

    Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345) provides a simple and sensitive means for quantifying Choline and Acetylcholine by either a colorimetric or fluorometric method in samples such as blood, cells, culture media, fermentation media, etc.


    In the choline / acetylcholine assay protocol, free choline is oxidized to betaine, via the intermediate betaine aldehyde. The reaction generates products which react with the Choline Probe to generate color (λ= 570 nm), and fluorescence (Ex/Em 535/587 nm).


    Acetylcholine can be converted to choline by adding acetylcholinesterase to the reaction to measure total choline (choline + acetyl choline). The amount of acetyl choline is calculated by subtracting choline from total choline.


    There is no need for pretreatment or purification of samples. The kit can detect ~10 pmol-5 nmol of choline or acetylcholine.


    Cells should be cultured in choline chloride free medium.


    Choline / acetylcholine assay protocol summary:
    - add samples and standards to wells
    - add choline reaction mix with, or without, acetylcholinesterase, and incubate for 30 min at room temp
    - analyze with microplate reader

  • Notes

    If you need to purchase additional Choline Probe for this product, please see ab139505.

    Abcam has not and does not intend to apply for the REACH Authorisation of customers’ uses of products that contain European Authorisation list (Annex XIV) substances.
    It is the responsibility of our customers to check the necessity of application of REACH Authorisation, and any other relevant authorisations, for their intended uses.

  • Platform

    Microplate reader

Properties

Images

  • Functional studies- ab65345
    Functional studies- ab65345Image from Kim J.H et al., PLoS One 8(2), Fig 4. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056736. Reproduced under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

    Acetylcholine levels from mouse brain tissue was measured using Acetylcholine assay kit (ab65345). Normal mice were anesthetized with thiopental sodium at 20minutes after the end of  electroacupuncture (EA) treatment to determine levels of ACh (Figure A). Immunohistochemical staining  mAChR (muscarinic acetylcholine receptor) M3 in mouse cerebral cortex tissue 20 minutes after the end of EA treatment (Image B).

  • Functional Studies - Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)
    Functional Studies - Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)
  • Functional Studies - Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)
    Functional Studies - Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)

    Choline measured fluorometrically in mouse tissue lysates showing quantity (nmol) per mg protein of tested sample

  • Functional Studies - Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)
    Functional Studies - Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)

    Choline measured fluorometrically in cell lysates showing quantity (pmol) per 1 mln of tested cells

  • Functional Studies - Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)
    Functional Studies - Choline/Acetylcholine Assay Kit (ab65345)

    Choline measured fluorometrically in biological fluids showing quantity (nmol) per mL of tested sample

References

Publishing research using ab65345? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet.

ab65345 has been referenced in 21 publications.

  • Daniele S  et al. The Nootropic Drug ?-Glyceryl-Phosphoryl-Ethanolamine Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Human Hippocampal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 21:N/A (2020). PubMed: 32023864
  • Cotero V  et al. Noninvasive sub-organ ultrasound stimulation for targeted neuromodulation. Nat Commun 10:952 (2019). PubMed: 30862827
  • Ashmawy NH  et al. Novel Carbon/PEDOT/PSS-Based Screen-Printed Biosensors for Acetylcholine Neurotransmitter and Acetylcholinesterase Detection in Human Serum. Molecules 24:N/A (2019). PubMed: 31003551
  • Luo H  et al. Apelin-13 Suppresses Neuroinflammation Against Cognitive Deficit in a Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease Through Activation of BDNF-TrkB Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 10:395 (2019). PubMed: 31040784
  • Lv YX  et al. VEGF-A and VEGF-B Coordinate the Arteriogenesis to Repair the Infarcted Heart with Vagus Nerve Stimulation. Cell Physiol Biochem 48:433-449 (2018). PubMed: 30016789
View all Publications for this product

Customer reviews and Q&As

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1-10 of 17 Abreviews or Q&A

Question

Question sur les limites de détection d'ab65345

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Answer

J’ai contacté le laboratoire concernant les limites de détection de ce kit et de sa sensibilité.
Comme montré sur la courbe standard pour la détection colorimétrique, la limite de détection inferieure est 1 nmol/puit.

En ce qui concerne la sensibilité de cette méthode de détection, nous pouvons déterminer la DO jusqu’à ˜0.4, donc 0.5nmol peut facilement entre mesurer avec une détection colorimétrique.

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Question

I am using this kit to detect acetycholine collected from tissue samples; the sample is in a buffer with pH7.4; When allowing color production to continue beyond 30 minutes, the values of the standard do not change however the values of my samples keep increasing; why would this be? Is it because the acetylcholinterase is continuing to convert acytelcholine to choline, such that all acetylcholinterase is not converted to choline after the suggessted 30 min incubation?

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Answer

I suggest running a time course to see how much time is needed for your samples to show a linear increase and then plateau off. It is recommended to choose the final incubation time within this linear increase regime.
Also, please note it is important to measure the standards at the end point, at the same time measurements of the samples are taken.

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Question

Can this kit be used for an in-cell assay? Can the probe permeabilize the membrane of live cells?

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Answer

ab65345 cannot be used for in-cell assay. It is meant for cell lysates.

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Question

We want to know the amount of acetylcholine in our plasma samples. If the assay measures total choline when acetylcholinesterase is added, how do we know the amount of free choline to ultimately determine acetylcholine (ACh = total choline - free choline). Do you need to prepare 2 separate assays- one with samples containing the supplied acetylcholinesterase and one with samples prepared without acetylcholinesterase added? This will obviously affect how many plates to buy for our study.

Thank you,

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Answer

Thank you for your email and your interest in our products.

I can confirm that you are right. It will be necessary to set up 2 different sets of wells for measuring the total choline and the free choline in this assay.

Therefore, to measure the acetylcholine, it will be necessary to set up duplicate wells for the total choline in the samples and duplicate wells for the free choline in the same samples. I can confirm that the acetylcholine would be the total choline - free choline.

I hope this is of help to you. Please do not hesitate to contact me again if you need any further information.

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Question

I am about to embark into a project looking for stroke biomarker in MCA occluded rat- I intend to use your product choline acetylcholine assay kit - As my study is on rat, I want to know how much of homology is their between the human and rat protein. With this information I believe I will feel more confident to use these kits on rat blood. Hope to hear from you soon.

Yours sincerely,

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Answer

Thank you for contacting us.

We have not tested this kit with rat samples. However this kit should work as it does not contain any human specific antibody. The species is irrelevant for this product.

It will also be a good idea to include human samples as positive control.

I hope this information is helpful to you. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you need any more advice or information.

Free Rabbit monoclonal antibody with any purchase of a primary antibody, while stocks last! Quote “RABMAB-XBSMG” in your next primary antibody order. For more information, visit the following link: https://www.abcam.com/index.html?pageconfig=resource&rid=15447

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Question

Dear All,
a customer of ours would like to know if you have any reference concerning the use of your AB65345on rat synaptosomes.
Thanks in advance and kind regards

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Answer

Thank you for contacting us.

All of the information and images we have for each of our products is listed on the online datasheet for your convenience. These are updated as soon as any new information is brought to our attention. Unfortunately we don’t have any references for this kit in Rat synaptosomes.

I am very sorry I couldn’t help you further. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you need any other advice or information.

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Question

Thank you for the follow up. Unfortunately, we have performed some troubleshooting on the methodology but it seems that our cholinergic neuroblastomas do not release sufficient amounts of acetylcholine to be detected by your kit.Best regards

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Answer

Thank you very much for contacting Abcam. Your details has been forwarded to me by my colleague Peter.

The kit ab65345 have a detection range of 0.01 nmol/well to 5 nmol/ml; expression outside of this range will be undetectablewith the kit.

I am sure the kit will provide best results with suitable samples. However if the kits fails please let us know wewill behappy to help.

Best of luck with your research.

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Question

I'm trying to estimate whether your kit can detect the amounts of ACh/Ch that I expect to find in our samples. So, just to clarify, it appears that (starting from your graph) one can have as much as 5000 picomoles of Ch in a well. And 50 ul of that volume is sample volume, so that would mean that the [Ch] would be 100 uM (micromolar). If there is a 500-fold range as your numbers suggest, then the sample composition range is from 100 uM down to 0.2 uM (5000 pmol/50 ul sample down to 10 pmol/50 ul sample). Is that correct?

Your literature also shows a "Range" from 0.01 nM to 5 nM; this appears to be denoting a concentration range. I have to assume that the range is actually o.01 nanomoles (per 50 ul sample) to 5 nanomoles (again, per 50 ul sample).

Am I correct in my assumptions/calculations?

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Answer

Thank you for pointing this out. The datasheet is somewhat mis-leading with regards to the 500-fold range that is specified, and also in error with regards to the notation. I apologize for the confusion.

The specified range uses the low value for the fluorometric assay and the high value for the colorimetric assay. A 500-fold range of detection can be achieved but not with a single reading.

The values of the range should specified as amounts per well, that is, 0.01 nmol - 5 nmol, not as molar concentrations (nM). Thank you again for spotting this; we will fix it.

Please let me know if you have any other questions or concerns.

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Question

Can the customer use Tissue culture SN? If so, how is the sample preparation?

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Answer

Tissue culture SN can be used with this assay. Add up to 50 µl of the SN to wells and make up the final volume in all wells to 50 µl with the assay buffer. Continue with the protocol.

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Question

To whom this may concern,
We have recently procured the choline assay kit from your company for a second time. However, except for the first attempt at using the first kit, we have seen that the standard curves (most likely the measured samples as well) have an inverse (rather than direct) relationship to the choline concentrations, meaning we see a reduced fluorescent intensity as concentrations increase. Do you know of any effect that could change the kits in such ways. We have followed the protocols exactly as is indicated in the insert and found this tendency reproduced 2 times with the first kit (the first attempt was successful and highly correlative) as well as the first attempt with the new 2nd ordered kit. Normally after two failed test we would simply try other products from different company, but since an acetylcholine release measurement is very important to our current projects we would like to know if you can help us troubleshoot this problem.
Best regards

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Answer

Thank you for your email. I am sorry to hear that you have been experiencing problems with this kit.

I have checked the details you have kindly provided; however I would like to ask few questions in order to understand the problem;

- Could you provide the order number of the kit?
- The kit worked first time and then reading inverted. How long the kit reagents were stored?
- Have you checked carefully if the dilutions are not inverted?
- Could you send us raw data?
- Could you specify the protocol steps followed?

The readings are inverted for both standard and sample so it may well be that error may have happened in dilution of the standard and sample so your answers will be very helpful to know this anomaly.

I will look forward to hear from you soon soon.

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1-10 of 17 Abreviews or Q&A

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