Adenosine Assay Kit (Fluorometric)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Adenosine a nucleoside composed of adenine attached to a ribose sugar plays an important role as a signaling molecule in the body. It has a molecular mass of approximately 267.24 g/mol. Although found throughout the body adenosine concentrations are especially high in the brain and heart tissues where they facilitate vital communication processes. When studying adenosine researchers often use specific tools like the adenosine assay kit and adenosine ELISA to measure and analyze its levels in various tissues and fluids.

Biological function summary

Adenosine influences a wide range of physiological processes by interacting with specific receptors. These receptors known as P1 receptors include A1 A2A A2B and A3 with each having unique tissue distribution and function. Adenosine functions as part of the adenosine receptor complex impacting cellular energy transfer and serving as an inhibitor in the central nervous system. It modulates neurotransmitter release and influences heart rate by acting on the sinoatrial node therefore playing a significant role in sleep regulation and cardiac function.

Pathways

Adenosine operates in key physiological pathways like the purinergic signaling and cAMP pathways. In the purinergic signaling pathway adenosine acts as a neuromodulator and regulates immune responses. Through interactions with protein kinases adenosine influences the cAMP signaling pathway by controlling processes such as ATP conversion. Related proteins in these pathways include adenosine deaminase which aids in the breakdown of adenosine and the various adenosine receptors which mediate its signaling effects.

Associated diseases and disorders

Elevated adenosine levels have links to cardiovascular and neurological conditions. In cardiovascular diseases adenosine interacts with G protein-coupled receptors modulating heart rate and protecting against ischemia. In the case of neurological disorders adenosine has been connected to conditions such as epilepsy where altered adenosine metabolism affects neural excitability. Adenosine's role in both of these contexts highlights its significance in maintaining homeostasis and emphasizes the importance of its regulation within these pathways.