Annexin V-iFluor 594 Apoptosis Detection Kit

Annexin V-iFluor 594 Apoptosis Detection Kit (ab219918) contains Annexin V labeled with our proprietary red fluorescent dye iFluor 594, which allows the identification and quantification of apoptotic cells on a single-cell basis by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy.

The iFluor 594 dye (Ex/Em = 590/620 nm) has spectral properties almost identical to those of Texas Red^® or Alexa Fluor^® 594, making it convenient to be used for common fluorescence instruments equipped with the light sources and filters for Texas Red^®.

Apoptosis is a regulated process of cell death that occurs during embryonic development as well as maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Inappropriately regulated apoptosis is implicated in different disease states, such as neurodegeneration disease and cancer. The apoptosis program is characterized by morphologic features, including loss of plasma membrane asymmetry and attachment, condensation off the cytoplasm and nucleus, and compaction and fragmentation of the nuclear chromatin. Exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the external surface of the cell membrane has been reported to occur in the early phases of apoptotic cell death, during which the cell membrane remains intact. In leukocyte apoptosis, PS on the outer surface of the cell marks the cell for recognition and phagocytosis by macrophages. The human vascular anticoagulant, annexin V, is a 35-36 kDa Ca²⁺ dependent phospholipid binding protein that has a high affinity for PS, and shows minimal binding to phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. Changes in PS asymmetry, which can be analyzed by measuring annexin V binding to the cell membrane, are generally observed before morphological changes associated with apoptosis occurred and before membrane integrity is lost.