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AB109910

Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit

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(17 Publications)

This rapid multiplexing microplate kit is used to determine both the activity and quantity of cytochrome c oxidase in a human sample with greater speed and simplicity.

View Alternative Names

COX4, COX4I1, Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide IV, Cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 1, COX IV-1

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Functional Studies - Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit (AB109910)
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Supplier Data

Functional Studies - Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit (AB109910)

Functional study using Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit (ab109910).

Functional Studies - Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit (AB109910)
  • FuncS

Supplier Data

Functional Studies - Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit (AB109910)

Functional study using Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit (ab109910).

Schematic Diagram - Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit (AB109910)
  • Schematic Diagram

Supplier Data

Schematic Diagram - Complex IV Human Specific Activity Microplate Assay Kit (AB109910)

Principle of Sandwich ELISA.

Key facts

Detection method

Colorimetric

Sample types

Cell culture extracts, Tissue

Reacts with

Human

Assay type

Enzyme activity

Assay Platform

Microplate reader

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Reactivity", "Dilution Info", "Notes"] }, "values": { "Enzyme activity assay": { "reactivity":"TESTED_AND_REACTS", "dilution-info":"", "notes":"<p></p>" } } }
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Product details

This rapid multiplexing microplate kit is used to determine both the activity and quantity of cytochrome c oxidase in a human sample with greater speed and simplicity. The ratio of the two is a measure of specific activity. The COX enzyme is immunocaptured within the wells of the microplate and the activity is determined by following the oxidation of reduced Cytochrome c colorimetrically by the absorbance change at 550 nm. Subsequently, in these same wells the quantity of the enzyme can then be determined by adding a COX specific detector antibody and the appropriate alkaline phophatase conjugated antibody; this phosphatase changes a substrate from colorless to yellow at 405 nm. This reaction takes place in a time dependent manner proportional to the amount of protein captured in the wells. Included in this kit for performance of the multiplexing assay are buffers, detergent, substrates, and 96-well microplate with monoclonal antibody pre-bound to the wells of the plate, allowing for a stream-lined assay.

**Range of complex IV / cytochrome c oxidase assay kits** Biochemical assay - Immunocapture with biochemical assay (plate-based)*** - and *** Most popular assay format Immunocapture with biochemical assay (dipstick) - and Immunocapture with biochemical assay and ELISA - (this kit) ELISA - **Other related products** Review the , or the full to learn about more assays for metabolites, metabolic enzymes, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress, and also how to assay metabolic function in live cells using your plate reader.

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What's included?

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Properties and storage information

Shipped at conditions
Dry Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
Multi
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
Multi
Storage information
Please refer to protocols
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Complex IV also known as cytochrome c oxidase is an important component of the electron transport chain in mitochondria. This enzyme complex has significant mass approximately 204 kDa and operates primarily in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen facilitating ATP generation. Complex IV is ubiquitously expressed in all tissues with higher expression in organs with high energy demands like heart and skeletal muscle. This enzyme is composed of multiple subunits encoded by both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.
Biological function summary

Cytochrome c oxidase plays a critical role in cellular respiration. It forms part of the larger enzyme complex which also includes Complex I II and III. These complexes work together to create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane essential for ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. This enzyme's activity is measured through assays like the cytochrome c oxidase assay which evaluates its function in various tissues. These assays help researchers understand how effectively electrons are being transferred and protons are driven across the membrane.

Pathways

Complex IV is integral to the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and the broader mitochondrial respiratory chain. It interacts closely with cytochrome c a small heme protein that shuttles electrons between Complex III (cytochrome c reductase) and Complex IV. Through these interactions the proton gradient is established enabling ATP synthase to convert chemical energy into usable cell energy. This process significantly impacts cellular metabolism and energy production influencing how efficiently cells function.

Complex IV dysfunction is associated with mitochondrial diseases and certain neurodegenerative disorders. For instance defects in cytochrome c oxidase lead to conditions like Leigh syndrome a severe neurological disorder. Also studies show that disruptions in the electron transport chain involving Complex IV relate closely to Alzheimer’s disease. Alterations in proteins like cytochrome c which work in tandem with Complex IV can exacerbate these conditions highlighting the importance of this target in understanding and potentially treating these diseases.
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Product protocols

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Target data

Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
See full target information COX4I1
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Publications (17)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Journal of virology 98:e0042424 PubMed38629837

2024

The impact of HBx protein on mitochondrial dynamics and associated signaling pathways strongly depends on the hepatitis B virus genotype.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Anja Schollmeier,Michael Basic,Mirco Glitscher,Eberhard Hildt

Cells 12: PubMed38132093

2023

Open-Label Sulforaphane Trial in FMR1 Premutation Carriers with Fragile-X-Associated Tremor and Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS).

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Ellery Santos,Courtney Clark,Hazel Maridith B Biag,Si Jie Tang,Kyoungmi Kim,Matthew D Ponzini,Andrea Schneider,Cecilia Giulivi,Federica Alice Maria Montanaro,Jesse Tran-Emilia Gipe,Jacquelyn Dayton,Jamie L Randol,Pamela J Yao,Apostolos Manolopoulos,Dimitrios Kapogiannis,Ye Hyun Hwang,Paul Hagerman,Randi Hagerman,Flora Tassone

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) 28:2020-2026 PubMed35787218

2022

Mitochondrial measures in neuronally enriched extracellular vesicles predict brain and retinal atrophy in multiple sclerosis.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Dimitrios C Ladakis,Pamela J Yao,Michael Vreones,Joseph Blommer,Grigorios Kalaitzidis,Elias S Sotirchos,Kathryn C Fitzgerald,Shiv Saidha,Peter A Calabresi,Dimitrios Kapogiannis,Pavan Bhargava

Pharmaceutics 14: PubMed35631624

2022

3D Spheroids of Human Primary Urine-Derived Stem Cells in the Assessment of Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Huifen Ding,Kalyani Jambunathan,Guochun Jiang,David M Margolis,Iris Leng,Michael Ihnat,Jian-Xing Ma,Jon Mirsalis,Yuanyuan Zhang

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 30:2844-2855 PubMed35450818

2022

Mitochondrial micropeptide STMP1 promotes G1/S transition by enhancing mitochondrial complex IV activity.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Ye Sang,Jin-Yu Liu,Feng-Yi Wang,Xiao-Yu Luo,Zi-Qi Chen,Shi-Mei Zhuang,Ying Zhu

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 33:242-250 PubMed34958553

2021

Proteomic Analysis Reveals Low-Dose PARP Inhibitor-Induced Differential Protein Expression in BRCA1-Mutated High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cells.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Jesenia M Perez,Carly A I Twigg,Weihua Guan,Stefani N Thomas

Biomedicines 9: PubMed34829816

2021

Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Protein Abnormalities Detected in Plasma Extracellular Vesicles in Alzheimer's Disease.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Pamela J Yao,Erden Eren,Edward J Goetzl,Dimitrios Kapogiannis

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1480:207-218 PubMed32954509

2020

Characterization of hydrogen sulfide toxicity to human corneal stromal fibroblasts.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Praveen K Balne,Nishant R Sinha,Alexandria C Hofmann,Lynn M Martin,Rajiv R Mohan

Progress in neurobiology 187:101772 PubMed32058042

2020

Deep phenotyping of peripheral tissue facilitates mechanistic disease stratification in sporadic Parkinson's disease.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Phillippa J Carling,Heather Mortiboys,Claire Green,Simeon Mihaylov,Cynthia Sandor,Aurelie Schwartzentruber,Rosie Taylor,Wenbin Wei,Chris Hastings,Siew Wong,Christine Lo,Samuel Evetts,Hannah Clemmens,Matthew Wyles,Sam Willcox,Thomas Payne,Rachel Hughes,Laura Ferraiuolo,Caleb Webber,Winston Hide,Richard Wade-Martins,Kevin Talbot,Michele T Hu,Oliver Bandmann

The Journal of cell biology 218:598-614 PubMed30598479

2019

ROMO1 is a constituent of the human presequence translocase required for YME1L protease import.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Frank Richter,Sven Dennerlein,Miroslav Nikolov,Daniel C Jans,Nataliia Naumenko,Abhishek Aich,Thomas MacVicar,Andreas Linden,Stefan Jakobs,Henning Urlaub,Thomas Langer,Peter Rehling
View all publications
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