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Congo Red Stain Kit / Amyloid Stain Kit ab150663 is used for the histological visualization of amyloid in tissue sections.

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Images

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Congo Red Stain Kit (Amyloid Stain) (AB150663), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Congo Red Stain Kit (Amyloid Stain) (AB150663), expandable thumbnail

Publications

Key facts

Sample types
Tissue sections

Target data

Function

Functions as a cell surface receptor and performs physiological functions on the surface of neurons relevant to neurite growth, neuronal adhesion and axonogenesis. Interaction between APP molecules on neighboring cells promotes synaptogenesis (PubMed:25122912). Involved in cell mobility and transcription regulation through protein-protein interactions. Can promote transcription activation through binding to APBB1-KAT5 and inhibits Notch signaling through interaction with Numb. Couples to apoptosis-inducing pathways such as those mediated by G(o) and JIP. Inhibits G(o) alpha ATPase activity (By similarity). Acts as a kinesin I membrane receptor, mediating the axonal transport of beta-secretase and presenilin 1 (By similarity). By acting as a kinesin I membrane receptor, plays a role in axonal anterograde transport of cargo towards synapses in axons (PubMed:17062754, PubMed:23011729). Involved in copper homeostasis/oxidative stress through copper ion reduction. In vitro, copper-metallated APP induces neuronal death directly or is potentiated through Cu(2+)-mediated low-density lipoprotein oxidation. Can regulate neurite outgrowth through binding to components of the extracellular matrix such as heparin and collagen I and IV. The splice isoforms that contain the BPTI domain possess protease inhibitor activity. Induces a AGER-dependent pathway that involves activation of p38 MAPK, resulting in internalization of amyloid-beta peptide and leading to mitochondrial dysfunction in cultured cortical neurons. Provides Cu(2+) ions for GPC1 which are required for release of nitric oxide (NO) and subsequent degradation of the heparan sulfate chains on GPC1. Amyloid-beta peptides are lipophilic metal chelators with metal-reducing activity. Bind transient metals such as copper, zinc and iron. In vitro, can reduce Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) to Cu(+) and Fe(2+), respectively. Amyloid-beta protein 42 is a more effective reductant than amyloid-beta protein 40. Amyloid-beta peptides bind to lipoproteins and apolipoproteins E and J in the CSF and to HDL particles in plasma, inhibiting metal-catalyzed oxidation of lipoproteins. APP42-beta may activate mononuclear phagocytes in the brain and elicit inflammatory responses. Promotes both tau aggregation and TPK II-mediated phosphorylation. Interaction with overexpressed HADH2 leads to oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. Also binds GPC1 in lipid rafts. Appicans elicit adhesion of neural cells to the extracellular matrix and may regulate neurite outgrowth in the brain. The gamma-CTF peptides as well as the caspase-cleaved peptides, including C31, are potent enhancers of neuronal apoptosis.

Alternative names

What's included?

100 Test
Components
Bluing Reagent
1 x 500 mL
Congo Red Solution
1 x 500 mL
Hematoxylin (Modified Mayer's Solution)
1 x 500 mL

Recommended products

Congo Red Stain Kit / Amyloid Stain Kit ab150663 is used for the histological visualization of amyloid in tissue sections.

Key facts

Sample types
Tissue sections

Storage

Shipped at conditions
Ambient - Can Ship with Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
Ambient
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
Ambient
Storage information
Ambient

Notes

The Congo Red Stain Kit / Amyloid Stain Kit is intended for use in the histological visualization of amyloid in tissue sections. Examination under a polarizing microscope results in green birefringence of amyloid.

Other products for staining tissue sections

Find more kits and reagents in the special stains guide, or products for antigen retrieval, blocking, signal amplification, visualization, counterstaining, and mounting in the IHC kits and reagents guide.

Staining Interpretation
AmyloidRed to Pink
ErythorcytesLight Orange
Eosdinophil Granules Orange to Red
NucleiBlue

Control Tissue
Freshly cut sections containing amyloid.
Cut sections 6-12 microns to show smaller amyloid deposits.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Activity summary

Amyloid refers to protein aggregates known for their beta-sheet structure. These aggregates accumulate extracellularly in tissues and organs. The term ‘amyloid’ encompasses a collection of proteins including amyloid beta and amyloid precursor protein which can weigh around 4 kDa to several hundred kDa depending on the type. Amyloid deposits occur in the brain and other organs. Detected through methods like Congo red staining these aggregates are important in diagnosing amyloidosis.

Biological function summary

The proteins that form amyloid aggregates affect cellular function by altering normal protein conformation leading to toxicity. Amyloid can form complexes with other proteins which impact cell membranes and disrupt cellular homeostasis. These alterations trigger inflammatory responses and cellular stress pathways further damaging affected tissues. Understanding amyloid proteins provides insight into their role in disease states.

Pathways

Amyloid proteins interplay with several signaling cascades notably the MAPK and NF-kB pathways. Amyloid precursor protein processed to form amyloid beta significantly influences these pathways mediating cell death and inflammation. Proteins such as tau also interact with amyloid-related pathways impacting cellular transport mechanisms. These interactions highlight amyloid's role in cell signaling and pathology.

Associated diseases and disorders

Amyloid proteins are strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease and systemic amyloidosis. The accumulation of amyloid beta aggregates in the brain marks the pathology of Alzheimer's closely linked with tau protein hyperphosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangles. In systemic amyloidosis amyloid deposition occurs in various tissues causing organ dysfunction. The relation of target proteins like apolipoprotein E to amyloid further elucidates its implications in neurodegenerative and systemic conditions.

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2 product images

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Congo Red Stain Kit (Amyloid Stain) (ab150663), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Congo Red Stain Kit (Amyloid Stain) (ab150663)

    ab150663 Congo Red Stain Kit (Amyloid Stain) staining formalin-fixed-paraffin embedded human amyloid.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Congo Red Stain Kit (Amyloid Stain) (ab150663), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Congo Red Stain Kit (Amyloid Stain) (ab150663)

    ab150663 (Amyloid Stain) staining amyloid (red, black arrow)) in formalin fixed paraffin embedded human Alzheimer's brain.

    *Tissue obtained from the Human Research Tissue Bank, supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.

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Product protocols

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