Factor X Human Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (ab108833) is developed to determine human Factor X activity in plasma and cell culture.
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- Cardiovascular drugs and therapy :2020Apixaban Downregulates Endothelial Inflammatory and Prothrombotic Phenotype in an In Vitro Model of Endothelial Dysfunction in Uremia.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesSergi Torramade-Moix,Marta Palomo,Manel Vera,Didac Jerez,Ana Belen Moreno-Castaño,M Urooj Zafar,Jordi Rovira,Fritz Diekmann,Joan Carles Garcia-Pagan,Gines Escolar,Aleix Cases,Maribel Diaz-RicartPubMed 32651897
Key facts
- Detection method
- Colorimetric
- Sample types
- Plasma, Cell culture supernatant
- Assay type
- Enzyme activity (quantitative)
- Reactive species
- Human
- Range
- 0.016 - 4 µg/mL
- Sensitivity
- = 0.009 µg/mL
Target data
Function
Factor Xa is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that converts prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of factor Va, calcium and phospholipid during blood clotting (PubMed:22409427). Factor Xa activates pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in a protease-activated receptor (PAR)-dependent manner (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:30568593, PubMed:34831181, PubMed:18202198). Up-regulates expression of protease-activated receptors (PARs) F2R, F2RL1 and F2RL2 in dermal microvascular endothelial cells (PubMed:35738824). Triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1/CCL2 and IL6, in cardiac fibroblasts and umbilical vein endothelial cells in PAR-1/F2R-dependent manner (PubMed:30568593, PubMed:34831181). Triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1/CCL2, IL6, TNF-alpha/TNF, IL-1beta/IL1B, IL8/CXCL8 and IL18, in endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824, PubMed:9780208). Induces expression of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM1, VCAM1 and SELE, in endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824, PubMed:9780208). Increases expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in dermal microvascular endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824). Triggers activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B in dermal microvascular endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824). Activates pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses in dermal fibroblasts and enhances wound healing probably via PAR-2/F2RL1-dependent mechanism (PubMed:18202198). Activates barrier protective signaling responses in endothelial cells in PAR-2/F2RL1-dependent manner; the activity depends on the cleavage of PAR-2/F2RL1 by factor Xa (PubMed:22409427). Up-regulates expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (SERPINE1) in atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930).
Alternative names
Coagulation factor X, Stuart factor, Stuart-Prower factor, F10
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Factor X Human Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (ab108833) is developed to determine human Factor X activity in plasma and cell culture.
Key facts
- Detection method
- Colorimetric
- Sample types
- Plasma, Cell culture supernatant
- Assay type
- Enzyme activity (quantitative)
- Reactive species
- Human
- Range
- 0.016 - 4 µg/mL
- Assay Platform
- Microplate reader
- Sensitivity
- = 0.009 µg/mL
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- Multi
- Storage information
- Please refer to protocols
Notes
Factor X Human Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (ab108833) is developed to determine human Factor X activity in plasma and cell culture. The assay measures the activation of zymogen Factor X to Factor Xa by RVV. The amidolytic activity of the Factor Xa is quantitated using a highly specific Factor Xa substrate releasing a yellow para-nitroaniline (pNA) chromophore. The change in absorbance of the pNA at 405 nm is directly proportional to the Factor X enzymatic activity.
High level of FX activity samples: range of 0.125-8 μg/ml Low level of FX activity samples: range of 0.0156-1 μg/ml
The entire kit may be stored at -20°C for long term storage before reconstitution - Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Factor X is a plasma serine protease zymogen involved in the blood coagulation cascade. Factor X is purified from plasma as a two-chain protein consisting of a 45-kDa heavy chain and a 17-kDa light chain. The Factor X heavy chain is cleaved during coagulation by several different proteases including the intrinsic Xase complex, the Factor X-activating enzyme from Russell's viper venom (RVV) and trypsin, and also by extrinsic (tissue Factor/Factor VIIa) pathway to give an active enzyme Factor Xa. Factor Xa as the activator of prothrombin occupies a central position linking the two blood coagulation pathways.
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
Factor X also known as Stuart-Prower Factor is a critical component in the coagulation cascade. It has a molecular weight of approximately 59 kDa and is expressed mainly in the liver. This serine protease plays an important role in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin an essential step in blood clot formation. Factor X circulates in the plasma as an inactive zymogen and becomes activated to its enzyme form factor Xa in response to specific physiological signals.
- Biological function summary
Factor X contributes significantly to the coagulation process by activating prothrombin into thrombin. It is not part of a larger complex but functions closely with other components of the coagulation cascade to maintain hemostasis. Factor X interacts with calcium ions and phospholipids on the surface of platelets enhancing its enzymatic activity. This activation ensures proper regulation of blood clotting preventing excessive bleeding or uncontrolled clot formation.
- Pathways
Factor X is central to both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. It interacts with proteins such as factor VIIa in the extrinsic pathway and factor IXa in the intrinsic pathway both pathways leading to the activation of factor Xa. In turn factor Xa is key in the common pathway which combines inputs from the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways to produce thrombin essential for fibrin clot formation.
- Associated diseases and disorders
Factor X is associated with bleeding disorders such as hemophilia and liver disease. Deficiencies or dysfunctions in factor X result in inadequate clot formation leading to prolonged bleeding episodes. Furthermore increased factor X activity as in cases of thrombophilia can raise the risk of abnormal blood clots. Factor X works alongside proteins like factor V with both deficiencies playing roles in hemophilia. Monitoring factor X activity is important in diagnosing and managing these coagulation-related conditions.
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Functional Studies - Factor X Human Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (ab108833)
Factor X Chromogenic Activity measured in biological fluids showing quantity (ug) per mL of tested sample after 10 min of incubation. Values calculated based on High Level Standard Curve. Samples were diluted 2 fold.
Functional Studies - Factor X Human Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (ab108833)
Factor X Chromogenic Activity measured in cell culture supernatants showing quantity (ug) per mL of tested sample after 40 min of incubation. Values calculated based on Low Level Standard Curve. Samples were diluted 2-10 fold.
Functional Studies - Factor X Human Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (ab108833)
Standard curve: mean of duplicates (+/- SD) with background reads subtracted
Functional Studies - Factor X Human Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (ab108833)
Standard curve: mean of duplicates (+/- SD) with background reads subtracted
Functional Studies - Factor X Human Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (ab108833)
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