Factor Xa Assay Kit (ab154128) is developed to determine Factor Xa activity in human plasma, serum and cell culture samples.
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Key facts
- Detection method
- Colorimetric
- Sample types
- Plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Serum
- Assay type
- Quantitative
- Reactive species
- Human
- Range
- 0.031 - 2 mIU/mL
- Sensitivity
- = 0.019 mIU/mL
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Target data
Function
Factor Xa is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that converts prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of factor Va, calcium and phospholipid during blood clotting (PubMed:22409427). Factor Xa activates pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in a protease-activated receptor (PAR)-dependent manner (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:30568593, PubMed:34831181, PubMed:18202198). Up-regulates expression of protease-activated receptors (PARs) F2R, F2RL1 and F2RL2 in dermal microvascular endothelial cells (PubMed:35738824). Triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1/CCL2 and IL6, in cardiac fibroblasts and umbilical vein endothelial cells in PAR-1/F2R-dependent manner (PubMed:30568593, PubMed:34831181). Triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1/CCL2, IL6, TNF-alpha/TNF, IL-1beta/IL1B, IL8/CXCL8 and IL18, in endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824, PubMed:9780208). Induces expression of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM1, VCAM1 and SELE, in endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824, PubMed:9780208). Increases expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in dermal microvascular endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824). Triggers activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B in dermal microvascular endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824). Activates pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses in dermal fibroblasts and enhances wound healing probably via PAR-2/F2RL1-dependent mechanism (PubMed:18202198). Activates barrier protective signaling responses in endothelial cells in PAR-2/F2RL1-dependent manner; the activity depends on the cleavage of PAR-2/F2RL1 by factor Xa (PubMed:22409427). Up-regulates expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (SERPINE1) in atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930).
Alternative names
Coagulation factor X, Stuart factor, Stuart-Prower factor, F10
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Factor Xa Assay Kit (ab154128) is developed to determine Factor Xa activity in human plasma, serum and cell culture samples.
Key facts
- Detection method
- Colorimetric
- Sample types
- Plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Serum
- Assay type
- Quantitative
- Reactive species
- Human
- Range
- 0.031 - 2 mIU/mL
- Assay Platform
- Microplate reader
- Sensitivity
- = 0.019 mIU/mL
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- Multi
- Storage information
- Please refer to protocols
Notes
Factor Xa Assay Kit (ab154128) is developed to determine Factor Xa activity in human plasma, serum and cell culture samples. The assay couples immunofunctional and direct amidolytic function. A polyclonal antibody specific for human Factor Xa has been pre-coated onto a microplate and Factor Xa is bound to the immobilized antibody. The amidolytic activity of the Factor Xa is quantitated by using a highly specific Factor Xa substrate releasing a yellow para-nitroaniline (pNA) chromophore. The change in absorbance of the pNA at 405 nm is directly proportional to the Factor Xa enzymatic activity.
The entire kit may be stored at -20°C for long term storage before reconstitution - Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Factor X (FX) is a plasma serine protease zymogen involved in the blood coagulation cascade. FX is purified from plasma as a two-chain protein consisting of a 45-kDa heavy chain and a 17-kDa light chain. The FX heavy chain in cleaved during coagulation by several different proteases, including the intrinsic Xase complex, the FX-activating enzyme from Russell's viper venom (RVV) and trypsin, and also by the extrinsic (tissue factor/factor VIIa) pathway, to give an active enzyme FXa. FXa, as the activator of prothrombin, occupies a central position linking the two blood coagulation pathways.
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
Factor Xa also known as activated factor X is an important serine protease in the coagulation cascade. With a molecular mass around 37 kDa this enzyme is an important component in blood coagulation. Factor Xa derives from the hepatic synthesis of factor X requiring vitamin K for its gamma-carboxylation and it is found circulating within the blood plasma. The conversion of factor X into factor Xa occurs when exposed to either extrinsic or intrinsic coagulation pathways.
- Biological function summary
Activated factor X plays a pivotal role in converting prothrombin into thrombin facilitating the cross-linking of fibrin which stabilizes the forming clot. Factor Xa while acting as a monomer often associates with factor Va to form prothrombinase complex enhancing its efficiency. The prothrombinase complex accelerates thrombin generation exponentially which is an essential step in hemostasis.
- Pathways
The blood coagulation cascade involves factor Xa prominently within the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Factor Xa lies downstream in these pathways and links them to the common pathway. It directly interacts with thrombin and factor Va forming an integral part of both pathways in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. These steps are important in maintaining hemostasis and enabling proper clot formation during vascular injury.
- Associated diseases and disorders
Factor Xa is highly relevant in coagulopathies such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Aberrant activity of this factor contributes to excessive clot formation leading to thrombotic disorders. Additionally factor Xa is a target for anticoagulant therapies such as rivaroxaban and apixaban which inhibit its activity to prevent thrombotic events. Such inhibitors affect conditions related to factor Xa impacting the risk and management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Functional Studies - Factor Xa Assay Kit (ab154128)
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