Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit

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Functional Studies - Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit (AB83461)

Glutathione Reductase Activity Assay Pathway

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Functional Studies - Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit (AB83461)

ICAC decreased the ROS level induced by EV71 infection via modulating the antioxidant enzymes involved in GSH metabolism. Infected (100 TCID50 EV71) Vero cells were treated with medium or 100 μM ICAC for 12 h. Uninfected cells were used as the control group. The antioxidant enzymes activities of the Vero cells were detected (n = 3). All results were expressed as the means ± SEs. Asterisks indicate that the data significantly differ from the EV71 group at the P < 0.05 level according to one-way analysis of variance.

Cao, Zeyu et al., Scientific reports: vol. 7,1 16278., Fig 5, doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16446-7

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Functional Studies - Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit (AB83461)

TNB Standard Curve using ab83461.

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Supplier Data

Functional Studies - Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit (AB83461)

Functional Studies - Glutathione Reductase Assay Kit (ab83461) Glutathione Reductase assay time line using ab83461.

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Lab

Functional Studies - Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit (AB83461)

Glutathione reductase measured in mouse tissue lysates showing activity (mU) per mg of extracted protein (T₁=2 min; T₂=30 min).

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Lab

Functional Studies - Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit (AB83461)

Glutathione reductase measured in human plasma and serum (T₁=2 min; T₂=30 min) showing activity (mU) per ml of tested sample. No activity was detected in saliva or urine.

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Lab

Functional Studies - Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit (AB83461)

Glutathione reductase measured in cell lysates (mU) per 10⁶ cells (T₁=2 min; T₂=30 min)

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PubMed

Biochemical assay - Glutathione Reductase (GR) Assay Kit (AB83461)

Pesti-Asboth et al used Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Assay Kit ab118970, Vitamin C Assay Kit ab65656, Glutathione Peroxidase Assay Kit ab102530, Glutathione Reductase Assay Kit ab83461, and Superoxide Dismutase Assay Kit ab65354 to investigate changes in redox in the plasma of fast growing broiler chickens.

Changes in the redox parameters in blood plasma at Days 3, 8, 21, 32, and 42. Significant differences were determined by comparing the data from each time point with the data from the first time point. Data are expressed as the means ±8 SEMs; *p<0.05, ** p<0.005, *** p<0.001.

Lipid peroxidation was determined using a commercially available assay kit (ab118970, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom). The measurements were based on the reaction between MDA and thiobarbituric acid (TBA). All reagents and standard solutions were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions. Plasma samples (20 μl) were mixed with 500 μL of 42 mM H2SO4, 125 μL of phosphotungstic acid solution was added, and each sample was mixed by vortexing and incubated at room temperature for 5 minutes. After incubation, we centrifuged the samples at 13000 x g for 3 minutes. The pellet was collected and resuspended in 100 μL of distilled water on ice with 2 μL of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (100-fold dilution). The final volume was adjusted to 200 μL with distilled water. After sample preparation, the assay was performed. The MDA-TBA adduct was generated in each sample and standard solution. The TBA reagents (600 μl) were added to the samples and standards for incubation at 95°C for 60 minutes. The reaction mixes were cooled in an ice bath for 10 minutes after incubation. The samples and standards were placed in duplicate in a 96-well microplate for analysis. The absorbance of the MDA-TBA adduct was measured at 532 nm, and the calculated concentrations are expressed in nmol/ml.

To determine the vitamin C concentration, a plasma-specific assay kit was used (ab65656, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom) [34–36]. The measurements were performed according to the protocol in the manual with some modifications. The kit's supernatant assay buffer was set to pH 7.0 with NaOH (10 M). The kit provides a sensitive method for vitamin C measurement. Plasma vitamin C reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+, which shows strong absorbance that can be monitored between 545–600 nm. The reagent and standard were prepared as described in the protocol. Fifty microliters of each plasma sample, run in duplicate, was diluted two fold for measurement. The assay procedure was followed as described in the manual. The absorbance of each sample was measured at 593 nm, and the concentrations were calculated as recommended and are expressed in nmol/ml.

The activity of Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was measured with a commercially available kit (ab102530, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom). In the assay, GSSG produced after GPx oxidizes GSH during H2O2 reduction. GSSG is reduced back to GSH by GR with the aid of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). The reduction of NADPH is proportional to GPx activity and can be measured colorimetrically at 340 nm. The kit reagents were dissolved as described in the manual. A standard curve was prepared as described in the kit. The activity of GPx is expressed as mU/ml.

The activity of Glutathione reductase (GR) in plasma was determined using a specific assay kit (ab83461, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom). In this assay, GSH is formed from GSSG by GR; then, GSH reacts with DTNB, and a 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate anion (TNB2-) is generated. The change in absorbance was measured at 405 nm. The kit reagents were dissolved as described in the "components and storage" section. The protocol recommends pretreating the samples. First, 5 μL of 3% H2O2 was added to 100 μL of each sample. The samples were incubated at 25°C for 5 min. Then, 5 μL of catalase was added to each sample, and we incubated the samples again at 25°C for another 5 min. After the pretreatment procedure, 50 μL of each pretreated sample was added to the sample wells. The standard curve was prepared as described in the manual, and 50 μL of diluted standard solution was added to each well. GR activity is expressed in nmol/min/mL = mU/ml.

The superoxide dismutase(SOD)inhibition rate was measured with a specific assay kit (ab65354, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom). In this assay, xanthine oxidase produced superoxide anions, and the conversion of superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide was catalyzed by SOD. Superoxide anions and the water-soluble tetrazolium salt WST-1 can react to produce a water-soluble formazan dye, the absorbance of which was detected at 450 nm. The reagents were prepared as described in the kit. First, 20 μL of Blank 1, Blank 2, Blank 3 or sample was added to a 96-well plate in duplicate. Then, WST-1 solution (200 μl) was added to each blank and sample. Twenty microliters of dilution buffer were added to the Blank 2 and Blank 3 solutions. Enzyme working solution (20 μl) was added to each sample and Blank. Then, the plate was incubated at 37°C for 20 minutes. The absorbance (A) was then measured at 450 nm.