GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green)
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(172 Publications)
- FuncS
Lab
Functional Studies - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
Total GSH measured in cell lysates showing quantity (umol) per 1 mln cells.
Samples with the concentration of 1e7-1e8 cells/mL were used. Samples were diluted 10-1000 fold.
- FuncS
Lab
Functional Studies - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
GSH in reduced state measured in cell lysates showing quantity (umol) per 1 mln cells.
Samples with the concentration of 1e7-1e8 cells/mL were used. Samples were diluted 10-1000 fold.
- FuncS
Lab
Functional Studies - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
GSH in reduced state measured in tissue lysates showing quantity (umol) per miligram of extracted protein of tested sample.
Protein concentration for samples varied from 6 mg/mL to 16 mg/mL. Samples were diluted 10-100 fold.
- FuncS
Lab
Functional Studies - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
Total GSH measured in tissue lysates showing quantity (umol) per miligram of extracted protein of tested sample.
Protein concentration for samples varied from 6 mg/mL to 16 mg/mL. Samples were diluted 10-100 fold.
- FuncS
Lab
Functional Studies - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
GSH in reduced state measured in biological fluids showing concentration (uM) in tested samples. Human samples were diluted 10 fold. Rat sample was diluted 10-1000 fold.
- FuncS
Lab
Functional Studies - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
Total GSH measured in biological fluids showing concentration (uM) in tested samples. Samples were diluted 10-100 fold.
- FuncS
Unknown
Functional Studies - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
Measurement of reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms of glutathione in myotubes treated with 150 μM TBHP for 1 h (n = 6).
Biesemann, Nadine et al., Scientific reports: vol. 8,1 9408., Fig 4, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27614-8
- Biochemical assay
PubMed
Biochemical assay - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
Niu et al used Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Assay Kit ab118970, GSH/ GSSG Assay Kit ab138881, and Glutathione Peroxidase Assay Kit ab125066 to investigate the use of porous Se@SiO2 nanospheres to achieve controlled release of selenium, a scavenger of intracellular free radicals, in mouse eyes.
Male diabetic db/db and control db/m mice were injected in the eyes with porous Se@SiO2 nanospheres, and porous SiO2 nanospheres (NPs) without Se.
Porous Se@SiO2 nanospheres inhibit diabetes-induced retinal lipid peroxidation and inflammation. Levels of MDA in retinal homogenates (n = 6). Expression levels of GPX4 in retinas were measured using western blotting; β-actin was used as a loading control (left panel). Band densities were assessed using the ImageJ software, and GPX4 expression levels are represented as their ratios to β-actin (right panel) (n = 3). Levels of GSH, GSSG, and the ratio of GSH to GSSG in retinal homogenates (n = 6). Data are represented as the mean ± SD. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; ns, nonsignificant.
Retinal samples were harvested, washed, and lysed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Protein concentrations were determined using a bicinchoninic acid kit. MDA and glutathione concentrations were determined using a lipid peroxidation MDA assay kit, reduced glutathione (GSH) / oxidized glutathione (GSSG) Ratio Detection Assay kit (ab118970, ab138881; Abcam, MA, USA), and a microplate reader. The relative concentrations of MDA and glutathione were calculated by normalizing the measured concentrations to that of the total protein.
- FuncS
Supplier Data
Functional Studies - GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit (Fluorometric - Green) (AB138881)
GSH and Total (GSH+GSSG) dose responses were measured with ab138881. Blue line : in the presence of GSH only; Red line : in the presence of 1 : 1 GSH/GSSG.
Product details
How the assay works
The GSH/GSSG assay protocol uses a proprietary non-fluorescent dye that becomes strongly fluorescent upon reacting with GSH. With a one-step fluorimetric method, the assay can detect as little as 1 picomole of GSH or GSSG in a 100 µL assay volume.
Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide that contains L-cysteine, L-glutamic acid and glycine. It is the smallest intracellular protein thiol molecule in the cells, which prevents cell damage caused by reactive oxygen species such as free radicals and peroxides. Glutathione exists in reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) states.
Reduced glutathione (GSH) is a major tissue antioxidant that provides reducing equivalents for the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) catalyzed reduction of lipid hydroperoxides to their corresponding alcohols and hydrogen peroxide to water. In the GPx catalyzed reaction, the formation of a disulfide bond between two GSH molecules generates oxidized glutathione (GSSG).
Glutathione reductase (GR) recycles GSSG to GSH with the simultaneous oxidation of ß-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (ß-NADPH2).
In healthy cells, >90% of the total glutathione pool is in the reduced form (GSH). When cells are exposed to increased levels of oxidative stress, GSSG accumulates and the ratio of GSSG to GSH increases. An increased ratio of GSSG-to-GSH is an indication of oxidative stress.
The assay can be performed in a convenient 96-well or 384-well microtiter-plate format and readily adapted to automation without a separation step. Its signal can be easily read by a fluorescence microplate reader at Ex/Em = 490/520 nm.
GSH/GSSG assay protocol summary:
- add samples (deproteinized) and standards to wells
- for GSH assay add Thiol Green in assay buffer, or for total glutathione (GSH + GSSG) assay also add GSSG probe
- incubate for 10 - 60 min at room temp
- analyze with microplate reader
GSSG levels can be calculated by subtracting GSH from total glutathione levels.
NOTE: For measuring GSH Standard only, there is enough reagent provided to perform 200 tests.
Alternative assay kits
As an alternative to this kit, we recommend GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit II (Fluorometric - Green) (ab205811) that is a reformulated version of ab138881 with similar performance. It uses a water-soluble probe, which is more stable, than the DMSO-soluble dye used in ab138881.
How other researchers are using
GSH/GSSG Ratio Detection Assay Kit has been used in a variety of sample type including:
- Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells 1
- Rat cardiomyocyte-derived H9C2 cells 2
- Murine B16 melanoma, human MCF-7 breast cancer, SW1990 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines 3
References:
1 - Niu T et al. 2024; 2 - Li D et al. 2024; 3 - Zhou N at al. 2023.
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Publications (172)
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Frontiers in genetics 16:1536672 PubMed40486678
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Nature communications 16:5133 PubMed40461459
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European journal of medical research 30:411 PubMed40410883
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NPJ precision oncology 9:15 PubMed39809873
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The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine 266:209-217 PubMed39721677
2024
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Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 12:e2404620 PubMed39716856
2024
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Cell biology and toxicology 41:13 PubMed39707048
2024
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Journal of nanobiotechnology 22:744 PubMed39614277
2024
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Frontiers in molecular biosciences 11:1460987 PubMed39297074
2024
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Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 38:e23854 PubMed39287333
2024
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Please note: All products are 'FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES'.
For licensing inquiries, please contact partnerships@abcam.com