NADP/NADPH Assay Kit

Supplementary info

Activity summary

NADP/NADPH also known as Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate and its reduced form plays an essential role in cellular metabolism. It is a coenzyme with a molecular mass of around 743.4 g/mol. NADP/NADPH is ubiquitously expressed in cells due to its integral role in metabolic processes. It is found in high concentrations within the cytoplasm and chloroplasts where it functions in various biochemical reactions.

Biological function summary

NADPH facilitates reductive biosynthesis and maintains cellular redox status. It acts as a major electron donor in various anabolic reactions including lipid and nucleic acid synthesis. NADPH also contributes to the detoxification of reactive oxygen species and serves in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Its cofactor activity associates it predominantly with enzymatic complexes such as the cytochrome P450 system.

Pathways

NADPH is fundamental in both the pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle. In the pentose phosphate pathway it provides reducing power important for fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis. In photosynthetic organisms NADPH functions in the Calvin cycle facilitating carbon fixation. The enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase related to NADPH production is integral in NADPH recycling.

Associated diseases and disorders

Impaired NADPH function links to conditions like chronic granulomatous disease and diabetes. Chronic granulomatous disease occurs due to defects in the NADPH oxidase complex impairing the body’s ability to combat pathogens effectively. Diabetes has associations with oxidative stress influenced by imbalance in NADPH levels. In these diseases NADPH's interaction with proteins like superoxide dismutase affects oxidative damage management and overall immune response.