Phosphate Assay Kit (Colorimetric)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Phosphate a simple inorganic chemical functions mechanically as a component of various essential biological molecules such as nucleic acids ATP and phospholipids. Phosphate ions serve as an important player in cellular energy transfer through involvement in phosphorylation reactions. It's present abundantly in living organisms especially in the form of calcium phosphate in bones and teeth. The molecular weight of a phosphate ion is approximately 94.97 g/mol. Expressed ubiquitously across different tissues and cells phosphate is also available in multiple assay formats like the phosphate assay kit and phosphorus assay kits for scientific research.

Biological function summary

Phosphate plays a role in numerous cellular processes beyond its participation in energy metabolism. It contributes critically to cellular signaling pathways as a part of second messengers like cyclic AMP and is a core part of protein kinase and phosphatase complexes which regulate many cellular functions. Moreover phosphate acts in buffering systems maintaining cellular pH balance. In the cellular context the probe and colorimetric malachite green assay often quantify phosphate levels aiding in understanding phosphate homeostasis in biochemical studies.

Pathways

The chemical phosphate is integral to significant pathways such as glycolysis and the citric acid cycle where it assists in energy production and storage. It associates with proteins like hexokinase in the glycolytic pathway and is critical for the formation of high-energy the phosphate bonds in ATP. As phosphate cycles through these pathways it continuously modulates various metabolic activities and biochemical reactions within the cell highlighting its universal importance.

Associated diseases and disorders

Phosphate imbalances relate to conditions such as chronic kidney disease and hypophosphatemia. In chronic kidney disease altered phosphate homeostasis can lead to cardiovascular complications due to phosphate's interactions with proteins such as fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) which regulates phosphate metabolism. In hypophosphatemia a deficiency in phosphate can result in skeletal disorders highlighting the need for precise phosphate detection and monitoring in clinical settings.