Phosphatidylglycerol Assay Kit (Fluorometric)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) also known as phosphatidyl glyceryl is a phospholipid with a molecular mass around 700-750 Da. It is an important component of cell membranes found mainly in bacteria plant chloroplasts and the lungs of mammals. In cellular membranes PG provides structural stability and fluidity playing an essential role in membrane-related processes. In the context of mammalian lungs Phosphatidylglycerol is a critical part of pulmonary surfactant which reduces surface tension in the alveoli and is vital for proper respiratory function.

Biological function summary

This lipid is a building block of membranes and acts in signaling processes. While PG does not form part of a larger protein complex it interacts closely with other lipids and proteins to maintain membrane integrity and function. The presence of Phosphatidylglycerol in pulmonary surfactant exemplifies its role in maintaining lung function and preventing alveolar collapse during exhalation. In specific bacteria PG also contributes to energy metabolism by participating in the synthesis of other phospholipids.

Pathways

Phosphatidylglycerol contributes to lipid metabolic processes and is part of the CDP-diacylglycerol pathway. This pathway is important for synthesizing other phospholipids such as cardiolipin which plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial function. As PG interacts with proteins and enzymes related to these pathways such as phospholipase D and phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase it influences membrane dynamics and cellular signaling.

Associated diseases and disorders

Alterations in PG levels relate to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and lung diseases. A deficiency of PG in pulmonary surfactant is often observed in RDS particularly in premature infants due to inadequate surfactant production. PG also interacts with surfactant-associated proteins like SP-B and SP-C which are important for surfactant function and stability. Additionally changes in PG levels have implications for other conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) emphasizing the phospholipid's role in maintaining respiratory health.