Sulfatase Activity Assay Kit (Colorimetric)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Sulfatase enzymes also known by names such as arylsulfatase facilitate the hydrolysis of sulfate esters into alcohols and sulfate ions. These enzymes typically have varied molecular masses generally ranging from 45 to 65 kDa. Sulfatases are expressed in many tissues but show higher concentrations in the liver kidneys and gonads. They function both in the lysosomes and on extracellular surfaces highlighting their versatility in both intracellular and extracellular environments.

Biological function summary

Sulfatases participate in essential cellular processes such as hormone regulation cell signaling and the degradation of glycosaminoglycans. The enzymes exist as a part of a larger group of proteins linked to the metabolism of sulfated compounds. These functions make them indispensable for numerous physiological activities including modification and breakdown of sulfate group-bearing molecules. Sulfatases have a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by altering the charge and solubility of biologically essential compounds.

Pathways

Sulfatases integrate into key biological pathways like the lysosomal degradation pathway and the steroid biosynthesis pathway. In lysosomal degradation sulfatases help break down complex carbohydrates that are otherwise difficult to process. In steroid biosynthesis they modify steroid sulfates back into active steroids influencing hormonal balance. The pathway involves other proteins such as estrogen sulfotransferases which work collaboratively with sulfatases to regulate hormonal actions.

Associated diseases and disorders

Sulfatase deficiencies are linked to various metabolic and genetic disorders including multiple sulfatase deficiency and mucopolysaccharidosis. Without proper function of these enzymes individuals can experience an accumulation of sulfated molecules which causes significant cellular dysfunction. Disorders can also involve proteins like the iduronate-2-sulfatase where mutations inhibit enzyme function leading to conditions such as Hunter syndrome. Both conditions highlight the need for functional sulfatase activity for normal physiological health.