Tryptophan Assay Kit (Fluorometric)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

NO-L-Tryptophan sometimes referred to as Nitrated Tryptophan is an altered form of the amino acid tryptophan. Mechanically nitration involves the addition of a nitro group (-NO2) to the tryptophan molecule affecting its structural properties. The mass of the NO-L-Tryptophan molecule increases due to nitration. This modification occurs under oxidative stress conditions when nitrogen species are prevalent. NO-L-Tryptophan does not show tissue-specific expression as it results from post-translational modifications in various cellular conditions.

Biological function summary

Changes in NO-L-Tryptophan influence proteins involved in cellular signaling and immune responses given its role as an oxidative stress marker. Its presence can disrupt the normal function of tryptophan-incorporating proteins which may participate in different complexes. For example the disruption can affect enzyme-substrate interactions and receptor-ligand bindings impacting cellular communication and regulatory control.

Pathways

NO-L-Tryptophan impacts oxidative pathways that engage in cellular stress response. Notably it partakes in signal transduction pathways that regulate cell survival and apoptosis. Its relations extend to proteins such as nitrated tyrosines which are similarly modified amino acids involved in signaling cascades influencing inflammation pathways like the NF-kB pathway. Disruption in these interactions leads to altered inflammatory responses.

Associated diseases and disorders

NO-L-Tryptophan links to conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular disorders. Overproduction of nitrated proteins in diseases like Alzheimer’s associates with protein misfolding and aggregation contributing to pathogenesis. Moreover its connection with inflammatory proteins may elucidate mechanisms of atherosclerosis whereby excessive nitrated modifications exacerbate vascular inflammation and plaque formation.