Tyrosine Assay Kit (Colorimetric)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Tyrosine also known as 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is an amino acid with a significant role in many biochemical processes. Tyrosine has a molecular mass around 181.19 g/mol. It is expressed in various tissues throughout the body including the brain muscles and skin. Tyrosine acts as a precursor for important neurotransmitters and hormones like dopamine norepinephrine and epinephrine playing mechanical roles in their synthesis.

Biological function summary

Tyrosine functions in protein synthesis as one of the 20 standard amino acids. It incorporates into proteins through ribosomal translation. Tyrosine is part of the large multi-enzyme complex involved in melanin production impacting pigmentation in skin and hair. This incorporation and synthesis contribute to tyrosine’s varied biological roles including enzyme regulation.

Pathways

Tyrosine plays critical roles in several metabolic and signaling pathways. The catecholamine biosynthesis pathway utilizes tyrosine to synthesize neurotransmitters important for nervous system functions. Tyrosine kinase signaling pathways rely on tyrosine residues that undergo phosphorylation facilitating signal transduction for cellular processes. Proteins such as the insulin receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor are closely connected in these pathways.

Associated diseases and disorders

Tyrosine imbalances can relate to conditions such as phenylketonuria (PKU) and alkaptonuria. PKU results from impaired conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine affecting brain development and function. Alkaptonuria involves defective tyrosine metabolism leading to connective tissue and joint issues. Proteins like phenylalanine hydroxylase link to these disorders reflecting tyrosine’s relevance in metabolic health.