Urea Assay Kit

Supplementary info

Activity summary

Urea also known as carbamide is a small molecule with a molecular mass of 60.06 g/mol. It results from protein metabolism and is eliminated by the kidneys. Urea plays a central role in the nitrogen cycle in humans. The liver predominantly expresses it where it is then transported to the kidneys for excretion. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and plasma urea levels are measured using assays like the BUN kit and the BUN test Boston to assess kidney function.

Biological function summary

In the context of nitrogen waste management urea serves as an essential substance in detoxifying ammonia. Urea is part of the urea cycle a series of biochemical reactions converting ammonia into urea. Ammonia results from amino acid breakdown and its accumulation can be toxic. The urea cycle ensures safe excretion therefore playing a protective role in maintaining nitrogen balance.

Pathways

The urea cycle is interlinked with the citric acid cycle especially in the liver. It involves critical enzymes such as carbamoyl phosphate synthetase and ornithine transcarbamylase. These pathways share intermediates and energy regulation roles ensuring efficient functioning of nitrogen metabolism. The pathways connect with proteins like arginase which facilitate the final step in the conversion of arginine to urea.

Associated diseases and disorders

Improper urea cycle function leads to conditions such as hyperammonemia and acute renal failure. Elevated blood urea nitrogen levels indicate potential kidney dysfunction. Moreover defects in proteins like arginase or ornithine transcarbamylase can disrupt this balance resulting in urea cycle disorders. Monitoring blood urea levels helps in diagnosing and managing these conditions effectively.