Artemisinin, Antimalarial compound

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

TDP1 also known as Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 1 is an enzyme that plays a role in repairing DNA damages by hydrolyzing the phosphodiester bond. The protein has a molecular weight of approximately 61 kDa. It is expressed in various tissues with significant presence in the brain liver and lung. TDP43 or TAR DNA-binding protein 43 is related molecularly but serves different functions in RNA processing with a mass around 43 kDa. TDP43 is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system and various tissue types contributing to numerous cellular processes.

Biological function summary

TDP1 is critical for resolving topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes facilitating DNA repair and maintaining genomic stability. It is part of the DNA repair pathways and interacts closely with topoisomerases in this function. On the other hand TDP43 regulates RNA splicing and transcription. It is involved in forming ribonucleoprotein complexes significant for mRNA stability and transport.

Pathways

TDP1 functions as an important component in the DNA repair pathway particularly the single-strand break repair. It associates with proteins such as XRCC1 and PARP1 which are important for DNA repair complexes. TDP43 through its role in RNA metabolism participates in the RNA processing pathway and interacts with proteins like hnRNP and FUS affecting RNA transport and stability.

Associated diseases and disorders

TDP1 is associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease due to its role in repairing neuronal DNA damage. Mutations in TDP1 can lead to higher susceptibility to neurological disorders. TDP43 is linked to diseases like Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD). In these conditions TDP43 misfolds and forms aggregates disrupting normal cellular functions. Proteins such as FUS and hnRNP are also involved in these disease mechanisms highlighting the complex interplay in neurodegenerative disease pathways.