CX 546, AMPA receptor potentiator

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

15-PGDH also known as 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase PGDH or 15-PGDH protein is an enzyme with a molecular mass of approximately 29 kDa. This enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of the 15-hydroxyl group in prostaglandins specifically converting Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) into its inactive form. Expression occurs in various tissues including the lung placenta and colonic epithelium. Its activity levels can vary depending on the tissue context and physiological conditions marking its importance in local regulation.

Biological function summary

15-PGDH regulates prostaglandin levels which are lipid compounds playing roles in inflammation and homeostasis. This enzyme does not associate with protein complexes but serves a standalone function in metabolic pathways. It maintains a balance between prostaglandin synthesis and degradation ensuring that inflammatory responses do not exceed what is necessary. The enzyme's activity directly reduces available prostaglandins which in turn dampens related signaling pathways.

Pathways

Prostaglandins and this enzyme are part of arachidonic acid metabolism and the Cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. These pathways play key roles in inflammation and tissue homeostasis. 15-PGDH interacts with other enzymes like COX-2 as it acts downstream to mitigate PGE2 levels generated by COX enzymes. This diminishes the signaling of other elements such as the AMPA receptors involved in neuronal plasticity and pain perception showcasing the enzyme's regulatory scope within biological systems.

15-PGDH plays a role in colon cancer and pulmonary inflammation. Low expression or activity of this enzyme is associated with increased PGE2 levels contributing to cancer progression and chronic inflammation. This dysregulation may involve proteins like COX-2 where the imbalance between synthesis and degradation leads to elevated prostaglandin signaling. Understanding 15-PGDH functions offers insights into therapeutic potentials making inhibitors and potentiators of interest for treatment of these conditions.