DBeQ, p97 ATPase inhibitor

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Interferon beta also known as IFN-β is a cytokine with a molecular weight of approximately 20 kDa. In humans this protein is predominantly expressed in fibroblasts and certain leukocytes. As a member of the interferon family IFN-β plays a significant role in modulating immune responses and exhibits antiviral antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities. IFN-β production can be triggered by viral infections or other stimuli engaging its receptor complexes to facilitate downstream signaling pathways.

Biological function summary

Interferon beta takes part in immune regulation and defense against pathogens. It often works in tandem with other type I interferons and components of the immune system. Its involvement in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway illustrates its role in transcriptional regulation of antiviral proteins and mediators of inflammation. These interactions emphasize its value in maintaining cellular homeostasis and response to pathogens by facilitating communication within the immune system network.

Pathways

Interferon beta is deeply involved in the innate and adaptive immune response signaling pathways. It engages with the JAK-STAT pathway which ties it to proteins like STAT1 and STAT2 influencing gene expression related to antiviral states and immune modulation. Additionally its role in the interferon signaling pathway highlights its importance in inducing a robust antiviral state in cells where it can interact with IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 to propagate immune signals.

Interferon beta plays a significant role in multiple sclerosis (MS) by modulating immune system activity and reducing inflammation. It can influence disease progression and patient outcomes when used therapeutically. Additionally its antiviral properties are valuable in managing some viral infections where it helps limit the replication and spread of viruses. Through these pathways IFN-β is also connected with other proteins such as TNF-α which is involved in inflammatory mediation in autoimmunity and infection-related conditions.