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AB120018

DNQX, AMPA / kainate antagonist

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(45 Publications)

MW 252.14 Da, Purity >99%. AMPA / kainate antagonist. Achieve your results faster with highly validated, pure and trusted compounds.

View Alternative Names

AMPA 1, AMPA 2, AMPA 3, AMPA 4, AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 1, AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2, AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 3, AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 4, AW490526, Chi-1, EB11, EEA3, EIEE27, EPND, Excitatory amino acid receptor 1, Excitatory amino acid receptor 2, Excitatory amino acid receptor 3, Excitatory amino acid receptor 4, Excitatory amino acid receptor 5, FESD, GLR 6, GLR 7, GLR5, GLUH1, GLUK3, GLUK6, GLUR4C, GRIA1_HUMAN, GRIA2_HUMAN, GRIA3_HUMAN, GRIA4_HUMAN, GRIK, GRIK1_HUMAN, GRIK2 protein, GRIK2_HUMAN, GRIK3_HUMAN, GRIK4_HUMAN, GRIK5_HUMAN, GRIN 2A, GRIN 2B, GRIN3A, GRIN3B, GluA 4, GluA1, GluA2, GluA3, GluK2, GluK4, GluK5, GluN1, GluN2A, GluN2C, GluN2D, GluN3B, GluR 7a, GluR-1, GluR-2, GluR-3, GluR-4, GluR-5, GluR-6, GluR-7, GluR-A, GluR-B, GluR-C, GluR-D, GluR-K1, GluR-K2, GluR-K3, GluRgamma2, Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N Methyl D Aspartate 2B, Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N Methyl D Aspartate 2C, Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N Methyl D Aspartate subunit 2B, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3B, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-3, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1, Glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 3, Glutamate receptor, Glutamate receptor 1, Glutamate receptor 2, Glutamate receptor 3, Glutamate receptor 4, Glutamate receptor 5, Glutamate receptor 6, Glutamate receptor 7, Glutamate receptor C, Glutamate receptor KA 1precursor, Glutamate receptor KA-1, Glutamate receptor KA-2, Glutamate receptor ionotrophic AMPA 3, Glutamate receptor ionotrophic AMPA 4, Glutamate receptor ionotropic, Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA 2, Glutamate receptor ionotropic N methyl D aspartate 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic N methyl D aspartate 2A, Glutamate receptor ionotropic N methyl D aspartate 3B, Glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA 3B, Glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA2B, Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 2, Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 3, Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 4, Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 4 precursor, Glutamate receptor ionotropic, N-methyl-D aspartate, subunit 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C, Glutamate receptor subunit 3, Glutamate receptor subunit epsilon 2, Glutamate receptor, ionotropic kainate 5 [Precursor], Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 3, Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2D, Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2), Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 5, Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 5 (gamma 2), Grin2c, Grin2d, HBGR1, HBGR2, Human glutamate receptor GLUR5, Ionotrophic Glutamate Receptor, Ionotropic Glutamate receptor 4, KA2, LKS, MGC118086, MGC133252, MGC142178, MGC142180, MRD6, MRD8, MRT6, MRX94, N Methly D Aspartate Receptor Channel Subunit Epsilon 3, N methyl D asparate receptor channel subunit epsilon 2, N methyl D aspartate receptor channel subunit zeta 1, N methyl D aspartate receptor channel, subunit epsilon 1, N methyl D aspartate receptor subunit 2A, N methyl D aspartate receptor subunit 2B, N methyl D aspartate receptor subunit 2C, N methyl d aspartate receptor subunit 2D, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2A, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2C, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2D, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 3A, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 3B, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 3, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR1, NMD-R1, NMD3A_HUMAN, NMD3B_HUMAN, NMDA 1, NMDA 2D, NMDA NR2B, NMDA receptor 1, NMDA receptor subtype 2A, NMDA receptor subunit 3B, NMDA type glutamate receptor subunit NR3B, NMDAR, NMDAR-L, NMDAR-L1, NMDAR2C, NMDAR2D, NMDAR3A, NMDAR3B, NMDE1_HUMAN, NMDE2_HUMAN, NMDE3_HUMAN, NMDE4_HUMAN, NMDZ1_HUMAN, NR1, NR2A, NR2B, NR2C, NR2D, NR3, OTTHUMP00000041930, OTTHUMP00000045951, OTTHUMP00000096569, OTTHUMP00000160135, OTTHUMP00000160643, OTTHUMP00000165781, OTTHUMP00000174531, OTTHUMP00000224241, OTTHUMP00000224242, OTTHUMP00000224243, OTTHUMP00000231881, bA487F5.1, dJ1171F9.1, estrogen receptor binding CpG island, glutamate receptor form A, glutamate receptor form B, glutamate receptor form C, glutamate receptor form D, glutamate receptor form E, glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA 2D, glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1, hNR 3, hNR2A, iGlu5, ionotropic kainate 1, ionotropic kainate 2, ionotropic kainate 3, ionotropic kainate 4, ionotropic kainate 5

2 Images
Functional Studies - DNQX, AMPA / kainate antagonist (AB120018)
  • FuncS

Unknown

Functional Studies - DNQX, AMPA / kainate antagonist (AB120018)

ab96379 staining MEK1 (phospho S298) in SK-N-SH cells treated with DNQX (ab120018), by ICC/IF. Decrease in MEK1 (phospho S298) expression correlates with increased concentration of DNQX, as described in literature.
The cells were incubated at 37°C for 1h in media containing different concentrations of ab120018 (DNQX) in DMSO, fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with PBS containing 10% goat serum, 0.3 M glycine, 1% BSA and 0.1% tween for 2h at room temperature. Staining of the treated cells with ab96379 (1/100 dilution) was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 1% BSA and 0.1% tween. A DyLight 488 goat anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody (ab96899) at 1/250 dilution was used as the secondary antibody.

Chemical Structure - DNQX, AMPA / kainate antagonist (AB120018)
  • Chemical Structure

Lab

Chemical Structure - DNQX, AMPA / kainate antagonist (AB120018)

2D chemical structure image of ab120018, DNQX, AMPA / kainate antagonist

Key facts

CAS number

2379-57-9

Purity

>99%

Form

Solid

form

Molecular weight

252.14 Da

Molecular formula

C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub>

PubChem

3899541

Nature

Synthetic

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO to 100 mM

Biochemical name

6,7-Dinitro-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione

Biological description

AMPA / kainate antagonist

Canonical smiles

C1=C2C(=CC(=C1[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-])NC(=O)C(=O)N2

InChi

InChI=1S/C8H4N4O6/c13-7-8(14)10-4-2-6(12(17)18)5(11(15)16)1-3(4)9-7/h1-2H,(H,9,13)(H,10,14)

InChiKey

RWVIMCIPOAXUDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

IUPAC Name

6,7-dinitro-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione

Properties and storage information

Shipped at conditions
Ambient - Can Ship with Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Storage information
Store under desiccating conditions|The product can be stored for up to 12 months

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The proteins NMDAR2A NMDAR2B GluN2C NMDAR1 Glutamate Receptor 1 (AMPA subtype) KA1 Ionotropic Glutamate receptor 2 GRIK2/GluK2 GluN2D Glutamate receptor 3/GluA3 NR3A NR3B GRIK3/GluK3 GluK5 GluK1 and GluA4 function as ionotropic glutamate receptors. These receptors mediate excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system by allowing cations to pass into the neuron when activated by glutamate. Commonly these proteins are known as NMDA AMPA and kainate receptors based on their pharmacological properties. The NMDAR subunits like NMDAR1 NMDAR2A and NMDAR2B are known for their high calcium permeability. The receptors are mainly expressed in the brain with their distribution varying across different regions.
Biological function summary

The ionotropic glutamate receptors contribute to synaptic transmission and plasticity essential for learning and memory. These receptors do not work alone but as part of larger receptor complexes at synaptic sites. The NMDA receptors for example are tetrameric assemblies made from different combinations of subunits like GluN1 and GluN2. AMPA receptors including GluA3 and GluA4 rapidly mediate synaptic responses. They play a role in synaptic strengthening a process critical for long-term potentiation (LTP).

Pathways

The ionotropic glutamate receptors participate in various signaling pathways linked to neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. A notable pathway is the calcium signaling pathway where the NMDA receptors contribute significantly. AMPA receptors integrate into the glutamatergic signaling pathway modulating synaptic strength through receptor trafficking. Proteins such as CaMKII and PSD-95 interact with these receptors influencing synaptic plasticity and signal transduction.

These receptors are implicated in neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. NMDA receptor dysfunction is frequently associated with excitotoxicity which can lead to neuronal death in Alzheimer’s. Excessive glutamate release and receptor overactivation are linked to epilepsy where ionotropic glutamate receptors play a role in seizure generation and progression. Proteins like tau in Alzheimer’s and voltage-gated ion channels in epilepsy connect to these receptors in the pathological context complicating disease mechanisms and potential treatment strategies.

Product protocols

Publications (45)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Neurobiology of disease 113:45-58 PubMed29408225

2018

Partial TrkB receptor activation suppresses cortical epileptogenesis through actions on parvalbumin interneurons.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Feng Gu,Isabel Parada,Tao Yang,Frank M Longo,David A Prince

Nature communications 8:152 PubMed28751664

2017

Afferent specific role of NMDA receptors for the circuit integration of hippocampal neurogliaform cells.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

R Chittajallu,J C Wester,M T Craig,E Barksdale,X Q Yuan,G Akgül,C Fang,D Collins,S Hunt,K A Pelkey,C J McBain

Physiological reports 5: PubMed28196855

2017

Inactivation of GIRK channels weakens the pre- and postsynaptic inhibitory activity in dorsal raphe neurons.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Nerea Llamosas,Luisa Ugedo,Maria Torrecilla

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal 37:2292-2304 PubMed28137966

2017

Loss of M1 Receptor Dependent Cholinergic Excitation Contributes to mPFC Deactivation in Neuropathic Pain.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Daniel Radzicki,Sarah L Pollema-Mays,Antonio Sanz-Clemente,Marco Martina

Scientific reports 6:31696 PubMed27526668

2016

Premature changes in neuronal excitability account for hippocampal network impairment and autistic-like behavior in neonatal BTBR T+tf/J mice.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Giada Cellot,Laura Maggi,Maria Amalia Di Castro,Myriam Catalano,Rosanna Migliore,Michele Migliore,Maria Luisa Scattoni,Gemma Calamandrei,Enrico Cherubini

Neuron 91:574-86 PubMed27373830

2016

Spontaneous Synaptic Activation of Muscarinic Receptors by Striatal Cholinergic Neuron Firing.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Aphroditi A Mamaligas,Christopher P Ford

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 35:9369-80 PubMed26109660

2015

Enhanced GABAA-Mediated Tonic Inhibition in Auditory Thalamus of Rats with Behavioral Evidence of Tinnitus.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Evgeny A Sametsky,Jeremy G Turner,Deb Larsen,Lynne Ling,Donald M Caspary

Nature communications 6:7168 PubMed25981743

2015

Trans-synaptic zinc mobilization improves social interaction in two mouse models of autism through NMDAR activation.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Eun-Jae Lee,Hyejin Lee,Tzyy-Nan Huang,Changuk Chung,Wangyong Shin,Kyungdeok Kim,Jae-Young Koh,Yi-Ping Hsueh,Eunjoon Kim

Journal of neurophysiology 113:3421-31 PubMed25787948

2015

Neurosteroids increase tonic GABAergic inhibition in the lateral section of the central amygdala in mice.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

H Romo-Parra,P Blaesse,L Sosulina,H-C Pape

The Journal of general physiology 145:225-51 PubMed25712017

2015

Nonexocytotic serotonin release tonically suppresses serotonergic neuron activity.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Boris Mlinar,Alberto Montalbano,Gilda Baccini,Francesca Tatini,Rolando Berlinguer Palmini,Renato Corradetti
View all publications

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