MW 410.5 Da. Cell-permeable activator of adenylyl cyclase. Interacts directly with the catalytic subunit of the enzyme to increase intracellular cAMP levels. Positive inotropic, platelet antiaggregatory and antihypertensive actions in vivo. 3D Growth matrix component used in liver organoid generation.
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- Science advances 10:eadn26892024An ultrathin membrane mediates tissue-specific morphogenesis and barrier function in a human kidney chip.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesXingrui Mou,Jessica Shah,Yasmin Roye,Carolyn Du,Samira MusahPubMed 38838141
- Nature microbiology 8:2020-20322023Adipocyte lipolysis protects mice against Trypanosoma brucei infection.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesHenrique Machado,Peter Hofer,Rudolf Zechner,Terry K Smith,Luísa M FigueiredoPubMed 37828246
- International journal of molecular sciences 24:2023Cell Cycle Reactivation, at the Start of Neurodegeneration, Induced by Forskolin and Aniline in Differentiated Neuroblastoma Cells.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesValentina Sturiale,Francesca Bruno,Desiree Brancato,Agata Grazia D'Amico,Grazia Maugeri,Velia D'Agata,Salvatore Saccone,Concetta FedericoPubMed 37762676
- International journal of oral science 15:382023Single-cell transcriptomic analysis uncovers the origin and intratumoral heterogeneity of parotid pleomorphic adenoma.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesXiuyun Xu,Jiaxiang Xie,Rongsong Ling,Shengqi Ouyang,Gan Xiong,Yanwen Lu,Bokai Yun,Ming Zhang,Wenjin Wang,Xiqiang Liu,Demeng Chen,Cheng WangPubMed 37679344
- Bioscience reports 43:2023Evidence that RXFP4 is located in enterochromaffin cells and can regulate production and release of serotonin.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesShalinda J A Fernando,Qian Wang,Debbie L Hay,Ross A D Bathgate,Peter R Shepherd,Kate L LeePubMed 36947541
- Breast cancer research : BCR 25:12023PAQR8 promotes breast cancer recurrence and confers resistance to multiple therapies.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesSaisai Chen,Matt R Paul,Christopher J Sterner,George K Belka,Dezhen Wang,Peining Xu,Amulya Sreekumar,Tien-Chi Pan,Dhruv K Pant,Igor Makhlin,Angela DeMichele,Clementina Mesaros,Lewis A ChodoshPubMed 36597146
- Stem cells translational medicine 11:1151-11642022Autophagy Enhances Longevity of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelium via mTOR-Independent ULK1 Kinase.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesKatherine E Hekman,Kyle M Koss,David Z Ivancic,Congcong He,Jason A WertheimPubMed 36173887
- Frontiers in oncology 12:9001082022FOSL1 promotes tumor growth and invasion in ameloblastoma.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesGan Xiong,Shengqi Ouyang,Nan Xie,Jiaxiang Xie,Wenjin Wang,Chen Yi,Ming Zhang,Xiuyun Xu,Demeng Chen,Cheng WangPubMed 36185257
- Neuron 110:2588-2606.e62022Presynaptic FMRP and local protein synthesis support structural and functional plasticity of glutamatergic axon terminals.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesHannah R Monday,Shivani C Kharod,Young J Yoon,Robert H Singer,Pablo E CastilloPubMed 35728596
- Journal of dermatological science 106:170-1802022Novel GSK-3 kinase inhibitor Pym-5 induces GSK-3β rather than GSK-3α-dependent melanogenesis in murine melanoma cells.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesQi Jia,Li Tao,Yinyin Zhou,Li Song,Zhonghong Wei,Tao Lu,James R Woodgett,Yin LuPubMed 35641396
Key facts
- CAS number
- 66575-29-9
- Form
- Solid
- Source
- Coleus forskohlii
- Molecular weight
- 410.5 Da
- Molecular formula
- C22H34O7
- PubChem identifier
- 47936
- Nature
- Native
Target data
Alternative names
3',5'-cyclic AMP synthetase, AC1, AC2, ADCY1_HUMAN, ADH water channel, AQP-CD, AQP2_HUMAN, ATP pyrophosphate lyase 2, ATP pyrophosphate-lyase, ATP pyrophosphate-lyase 1, ATP pyrophosphate-lyase 8, Adenylate cyclase 1, Adenylate cyclase 1, fetal brain, type I, Adenylate cyclase 2, Adenylate cyclase 2 (brain), Adenylate cyclase 8, Adenylate cyclase II, Adenylate cyclase type 1, Adenylate cyclase type 2, Adenylate cyclase type I, Adenylate cyclase type II, Adenylate cyclase type VIII, Adenylyl cyclase 1, Adenylyl cyclase 8 brain, Aquaporin 2 collecting duct, Aquaporin-2, Aquaporin-CD, Aquaporine 2, BG 37, BXR, Brain adenylate cyclase 1, Brain adenylate cyclase 8, CSE, Ca(2+)/calmodulin-activated adenylyl cyclase, Choreoathetosis/spasticity episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity), Collecting duct water channel protein, DFNB44, DKFZP586J0917, DYT17, DYT18, DYT9, EC 4.6.1.1, EIG12, Erythrocyte/hepatoma glucose transporter, FLJ16822, FLJ45092, FLJ99588, G protein coupled bile acid receptor BG 37, G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1, G-protein coupled receptor GPCR19, GLUT, GLUT-1, GLUT1DS, GLUTB, GPBAR 1, GPBAR_HUMAN, GPCR, GPCR 19, GPR 131, GT1, GTG1, GTR1_HUMAN, Glucose transporter 1, Glucose transporter type 1, Glucose transporter type 1, erythrocyte/brain, Gm1018, Gtg3, HBAC1, HBAC2, HD 7, HD 7a, HDAC 7A, HDAC7_HUMAN, HTLVR, HepG2 glucose transporter, Histone deacetylase 7, Histone deacetylase 7A, Human T cell leukemia virus (I and II) receptor, KIAA1060, LGR 7, LGR7.1, LGR7.10, LGR7.2, Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 7, M-BAR, MGC133314, MGC138347, MGC141895, MGC141896, MGC142177, MGC34501, MGC40597, Membrane bile acid receptor, Membrane-type receptor for bile acids, NR1I2_HUMAN, Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2, ONR 1, OTTHUMP00000202813, OTTHUMP00000202814, OTTHUMP00000215173, OTTHUMP00000215174, OTTHUMP00000215175, Orphan nuclear receptor PAR 1, Orphan nuclear receptor PXR, PAR, PAR q, PED, PRR, Pregnane X receptor, RATGTG1, RXFP1_HUMAN, Receptor for HTLV 1 and HTLV 2, Relaxin family peptide receptor 1, Relaxin receptor 1, Relaxin/insulin like family peptide receptor 1, SXR, Solute carrier family 2, Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 1, Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1, Steroid and xenobiotic receptor, TGR 5, Type II adenylate cyclase, WCH-CD, Water channel aquaporin 2, Water channel protein for renal collecting duct, adenyl cyclase, adenylate cyclase 1 (brain), deafness, autosomal recessive 44, erythrocyte/brain, facilitated glucose transporter member 1, hBG 37, hGPCR 19, pregnane X nuclear receptor variant 2
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MW 410.5 Da. Cell-permeable activator of adenylyl cyclase. Interacts directly with the catalytic subunit of the enzyme to increase intracellular cAMP levels. Positive inotropic, platelet antiaggregatory and antihypertensive actions in vivo. 3D Growth matrix component used in liver organoid generation.
Key facts
- CAS number
- 66575-29-9
- Form
- Solid
- Source
- Coleus forskohlii
- Molecular weight
- 410.5 Da
- Molecular formula
- C22H34O7
- PubChem identifier
- 47936
- Nature
- Native
- Biochemical name
- Forskolin
- Biological description
Cell-permeable activator of adenylyl cyclase. Interacts directly with the catalytic subunit of the enzyme to increase intracellular cAMP levels. Positive inotropic, platelet antiaggregatory and antihypertensive actions in vivo. 3D Growth matrix component used in liver organoid generation.
- Canonical SMILES
- CC(=O)OC1C(C2C(CCC(C2(C3(C1(OC(CC3=O)(C)C=C)C)O)C)O)(C)C)O
- Isomeric SMILES
- CC(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2[C@]([C@H](CCC2(C)C)O)([C@@]3([C@@]1(O[C@@](CC3=O)(C)C=C)C)O)C)O
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C22H34O7/c1-8-19(5)11-14(25)22(27)20(6)13(24)9-10-18(3,4)16(20)15(26)17(28-12(2)23)21(22,7)29-19/h8,13,15-17,24,26-27H,1,9-11H2,2-7H3/t13-,15-,16-,17-,19-,20-,21+,22-/m0/s1
- InChIKey
- OHCQJHSOBUTRHG-KGGHGJDLSA-N
- IUPAC name
- [(3R,4aR,5S,6S,6aS,10S,10aR,10bS)-3-ethenyl-6,10,10b-trihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-benzo[f]chromen-5-yl] acetate
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Ambient - Can Ship with Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Storage information
- Store under desiccating conditions, The product can be stored for up to 12 months
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
Adenylate cyclase 1 (AC1) also known as adenylate cyclase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP) in response to various signaling molecules. This enzyme has a molecular mass of approximately 130 kDa. AC1 is localized mainly in neurons of the central nervous system. It acts as an adenylate cyclase activator responding to signals and modulating the downstream effects via cAMP production. Forskolin is a well-known pharmacological activator of adenylate cyclases including AC1 which can elevate intracellular cAMP levels.
- Biological function summary
Adenylate cyclases like AC1 play critical roles in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cAMP a second messenger involved in numerous cellular processes. AC1 is part of a complex including G-protein coupled receptors which regulate its activity. The presence of AC1 in the brain suggests its involvement in neural signaling and neuroplasticity contributing to the modulation of synaptic transmission and the function of neuronal networks.
- Pathways
Adenylate cyclase activity is integral in the cAMP signaling pathway where it mediates the effects of neurotransmitters and hormones. This pathway is important for processes such as learning and memory where cAMP acts as an important mediator. AC1 activity is linked to proteins involved in the Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase pathway providing a bridge between calcium signaling and cAMP production which influences synaptic plasticity and neurocognitive functions.
- Associated diseases and disorders
AC1 has connections to conditions like depression and addiction where dysregulation of cAMP signaling is observed. Altered activity of AC1 can affect other proteins such as protein kinase A which plays a role in emotional and reward responses. Understanding the function of AC1 in these conditions aids in exploring potential therapeutic targets for neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases.
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4 product images
Chemical Structure - Forskolin, Adenylyl cyclase activator (ab120058)
2D chemical structure image of ab120058, Forskolin, Adenylyl cyclase activator
Gambino et al PLoS One. 2010 Jul 2;5(7):e11399. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011399. Fig S4. Reproduced under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Functional Studies - Forskolin, Adenylyl cyclase activator (ab120058)
Effect of AC activation onto adult Mecp2X/Y and Mecp2308/Y Cortico-LA synapses.A: A 10 minute application of the AC activator Forskolin (FSK, 50 μM) potentiates the Cortico-LA EPSC in young WT animals.
B: The same protocol is inefficient in adult WT mice (B1) and Mecp2308/Y mice (B2).
C: Summary plot of similar pharmacological experiments in WT and KO mice.
***: P<0.001.
Number of recorded cells is indicated.
Functional Studies - Forskolin, Adenylyl cyclase activator (ab120058)
Anti-XIAP antibody ab2541 staining XIAP in MCF7 cells treated with forskolin (ab120058), by ICC/IF. Increase in XIAP expression correlates with increased concentration of forskolin, as described in literature.
The cells were incubated at 37°C for 2h in media containing different concentrations of ab120058 (forskolin) in DMSO, fixed with 100% methanol for 5 minutes at -20°C and blocked with PBS containing 10% goat serum, 0.3 M glycine, 1% BSA and 0.1% tween for 2h at room temperature. Staining of the treated cells with Anti-XIAP antibody ab2541 (1 µg/ml) was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 1% BSA and 0.1% tween. A DyLight 488 goat anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (DyLight® 488) preadsorbed ab96899) at 1/250 dilution was used as the secondary antibody.
Functional Studies - Forskolin, Adenylyl cyclase activator (ab120058)
1e7 3T3-L1 cells were treated for 15 minutes with 1 µM dexamethasone (Dexamethasone, anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid ab120743) and 1 µg x mL-1 insulin (Recombinant human Insulin protein (Active) ab123768) with the addition of 50 µM forskolin (ab120058), 0.5 mM IBMX (IBMX, Non-specific cAMP and cGMP inhibitor ab120840) or 0.1 mM 8-CPT-cAMP (8-(4-Chlorophenylthio)adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-CPT-cAMP), Cell permeable cAMP analog. ab120424), extracted according to the protocol. Lysates were diluted 50-fold, and tested in duplicates (+/-SD).
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