(±)-Miconazole nitrate, Imidazole antifungal agent

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone involved in protein folding and stabilization with an approximate mass of 90 kDa. It localizes in the cytoplasm and nucleus widely expressed in most tissues. Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) is an important enzyme in drug metabolism with a vital role in hepatic and intestinal detoxification processes. Maxi Potassium channels including alpha subunit SLO and beta subunits KCNMB1 KCNMB2 and KCNMB4 regulate membrane potential and electric excitability in smooth muscle and neurons. TDP1 is involved in DNA repair mechanisms while Geminin is critical for cell cycle regulation. Retinoic Acid Receptor-related Orphan Receptor gamma (ROR gamma) regulates immune responses and BAZ2B functions within chromatin remodeling. IDH1 participates in the Krebs cycle and LRRC26 modulates large-conductance potassium channels.

Biological function summary

Hsp90 acts to stabilize many proteins required for cell growth and survival. It functions as part of a complex known as the Hsp90 chaperone machine. CYP3A4 metabolizes a wide range of substances affecting drug pharmacokinetics significantly. Maxi Potassium channels impact cellular excitability linking to neurotransmitter release and muscle contraction regulation. TDP1 repairs stalled topoisomerase I-DNA complexes contributing to genomic stability. Geminin inhibits DNA replication re-initiation during the cell cycle while ROR gamma influences T-cell differentiation. BAZ2B is essential in maintaining chromatin accessibility and IDH1 catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate in cellular respiration. LRRC26 regulates potassium channel activity impacting smooth muscle tone.

Pathways

Hsp90 supports various signal transduction pathways including heat shock response and protein kinase signaling. CYP3A4 plays a central role in the xenobiotic metabolism pathway interacting with proteins like NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase. Maxi Potassium channels integrate into pathways controlling vascular tension and neuronal activity associating with proteins involved in calcium signaling. TDP1 participates in DNA repair pathways working alongside proteins like PARP1. Geminin blocks replication licensing within cell cycle control pathways. ROR gamma features prominently in immune cell signaling pathways interacting with cytokines. BAZ2B is part of the chromatin remodeling pathway while IDH1 finds itself in the TCA cycle linked with malate dehydrogenase. LRRC26 is involved in ion channel regulation pathways.

Hsp90 inhibitors are explored in cancer therapy due to their effects on oncogenic protein stability. CYP3A4 is implicated in drug interactions and toxicity issues impacting liver disease outcomes. Dysfunction in Maxi Potassium channels relates to cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. TDP1 mutations cause neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy. Geminin dysregulation associates with cancer progression especially in breast cancer often involving p53 pathways. ROR gamma contributes to autoimmune disease development including rheumatoid arthritis. BAZ2B alterations link to certain neurological disorders. IDH1 mutations often appear in gliomas affecting tumor metabolism. LRRC26 mutations can lead to auditory disorders by impacting potassium channel function in sensory hair cells.