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AB120052

NMDA, excitotoxic amino acid

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(19 Publications)

MW 147.13 Da, Purity >99%. Excitotoxic amino acid. Prototypic agonist at the ionotropic NMDA glutamate receptor which is involved in long-term potentiation, ischemia, and epilepsy.

View Alternative Names

AMPA 1, AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 1, AW490526, CHNG1, EB11, EC 3.4.21., EIEE27, EPND, FESD, GLUH1, GRIA1_HUMAN, GRIN 2A, GRIN 2B, GRIN3A, GRIN3B, GluA1, GluN1, GluN2A, GluN2C, GluN2D, GluR-1, GluR-A, GluR-K1, Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N Methyl D Aspartate 2B, Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N Methyl D Aspartate 2C, Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N Methyl D Aspartate subunit 2B, Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic N methyl D aspartate 3A, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-3, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-4, Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1, Glutamate receptor, Glutamate receptor 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic, Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic N methyl D aspartate 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic N methyl D aspartate 2A, Glutamate receptor ionotropic N methyl D aspartate 3B, Glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA2B, Glutamate receptor ionotropic, N-methyl-D aspartate, subunit 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C, Glutamate receptor subunit epsilon 2, Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2D, Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2), Grin2c, Grin2d, HBGR1, HEPS_HUMAN, Hepsin, Hpn, LGR 3, LKS, MGC133252, MGC142178, MGC142180, MGC75129, MRD6, MRD8, N Methly D Aspartate Receptor Channel Subunit Epsilon 3, N methyl D asparate receptor channel subunit epsilon 2, N methyl D aspartate receptor channel subunit zeta 1, N methyl D aspartate receptor channel, subunit epsilon 1, N methyl D aspartate receptor subunit 2A, N methyl D aspartate receptor subunit 2B, N methyl D aspartate receptor subunit 2C, N methyl d aspartate receptor subunit 2D, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2A, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2C, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2D, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 3, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR1, NMD-R1, NMDA 1, NMDA 2D, NMDA NR2B, NMDA receptor 1, NMDA receptor subtype 2A, NMDA receptor subunit 3A, NMDA receptor subunit 3B, NMDAR, NMDAR2C, NMDAR2D, NMDE1_HUMAN, NMDE2_HUMAN, NMDE3_HUMAN, NMDE4_HUMAN, NMDZ1_HUMAN, NR1, NR2A, NR2B, NR2C, NR2D, NR3, OTTHUMP00000041930, OTTHUMP00000160135, OTTHUMP00000160643, OTTHUMP00000165781, OTTHUMP00000174531, OTTHUMP00000224241, OTTHUMP00000224242, OTTHUMP00000224243, Serine protease hepsin, Serine protease hepsin catalytic chain, Serine protease hepsin non catalytic chain, Seven transmembrane helix receptor, TMPRSS 1, TSH Receptor, TSHR_HUMAN, Thyroid adenoma hyperfunctioning, Thyroid carcinoma with thyrotoxicosis, Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor, isoform 2, Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor, Thyrotropin receptor, Thyrotropin receptor I, Thyrotropin receptor I, hTSHR I, Transmembrane protease serine 1, estrogen receptor binding CpG island, glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA 2D, glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1, hNR 3, hNR2A, hTSHR I

3 Images
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - NMDA, excitotoxic amino acid (AB120052)
  • ICC/IF

Unknown

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - NMDA, excitotoxic amino acid (AB120052)

ab55051 staining GABA B receptor 1 in SK-N-SH cells treated with NMDA (ab120052), by ICC/IF. Internalization of GABA B receptor 1 correlates with increased concentration of NMDA, as described in literature.
The cells were incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes in media containing different concentrations of ab120052 (NMDA) in DMSO, fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with PBS containing 10% goat serum, 0.3 M glycine, 1% BSA and 0.1% tween for 2h at room temperature. Staining of the treated cells with ab55051 (1 µg/ml) was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 1% BSA and 0.1% tween. A DyLight 488 goat anti-mouse polyclonal antibody (ab96879) at 1/250 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI and are shown in blue.

Chemical Structure - NMDA, excitotoxic amino acid (AB120052)
  • Chemical Structure

Lab

Chemical Structure - NMDA, excitotoxic amino acid (AB120052)

2D chemical structure image of ab120052, NMDA, excitotoxic amino acid

Functional Studies - NMDA, excitotoxic amino acid (AB120052)
  • FuncS

PubMed

Functional Studies - NMDA, excitotoxic amino acid (AB120052)

Release of adenosine by depolarisation and agonists.

(Panel c) NMDA application also evoked neuronal depolarisation and firing accompanied by subsequent release of adenosine and inosine.

Sims et al PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e53814. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053814. Epub 2013 Jan 11. Fig 1. Reproduced under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Key facts

CAS number

6384-92-5

Purity

>99%

Form

Solid

form

Molecular weight

147.13 Da

Molecular formula

C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO<sub>4</sub>

PubChem

22880

Nature

Synthetic

Biochemical name

N-methyl-D-aspartic acid

Biological description

Excitotoxic amino acid. Prototypic agonist at the ionotropic NMDA glutamate receptor which is involved in long-term potentiation, ischemia, and epilepsy.

Canonical smiles

CNC(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O

Isomeric smiles

CN[C@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O

InChi

InChI=1S/C5H9NO4/c1-6-3(5(9)10)2-4(7)8/h3,6H,2H2,1H3,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m1/s1

InChiKey

HOKKHZGPKSLGJE-GSVOUGTGSA-N

IUPAC Name

(2R)-2-(methylamino)butanedioic acid

Properties and storage information

Shipped at conditions
Ambient - Can Ship with Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Storage information
Store under desiccating conditions|The product can be stored for up to 12 months

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The target proteins NMDAR2A NMDAR2B GluN2C NMDAR1 TSH Receptor/TSH-R and Glutamate Receptor 1 (AMPA subtype) play key roles within the central nervous system and endocrine system. NMDAR2A NMDAR2B and GluN2C are subunits of NMDAR a glutamate receptor and ion channel. These subunits contribute to the receptor's structure and function facilitating synaptic transmission and plasticity. NMDAR molecules generally have high molecular weights due to their complex structure. NMDARs are widely expressed in the brain particularly in the hippocampus and cortex. The TSH Receptor (TSH-R) found in the thyroid gland mediates thyroid-stimulating hormone activity important for thyroid hormone production regulation. Glutamate Receptor 1 (AMPA subtype) is an ionotropic receptor that also facilitates synaptic transmission throughout the CNS.
Biological function summary

These proteins participate in neurotransmission and signal transduction. NMDARs form part of a receptor complex interacting with various regulatory proteins facilitating calcium ion influx when activated by glutamate. This ion movement is essential for long-term potentiation and synaptic plasticity important for learning and memory. The TSH receptor functions in the thyroid hormone synthesis signaling pathway initiating cascades upon thyroid stimulating hormone binding. Meanwhile AMPA receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission primarily through sodium ion flux contributing significantly to excitatory neurotransmission in the brain.

Pathways

NMDARs are central to the glutamatergic pathway involving neurotransmitter release and various intracellular signaling mechanisms. This pathway intersects with the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) pathway. Proteins such as CaMKII associate with NMDARs impacting synaptic strength and excitability. The TSH receptor operates within the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis influencing thyroid hormone levels. This receptor collaborates with other proteins like G-proteins to propagate intracellular signaling. AMPA receptors interact with NMDA receptors in synaptic transmission pathways influencing neuronal communication and plasticity.

NMDAR dysfunction is associated with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Alterations in synaptic plasticity linked to these receptors affect memory and cognition. The TSH receptor through its role in the thyroid hormone pathway is connected to disorders such as Graves' disease and thyroid cancer. The autoantibodies against TSH receptors play a pivotal role in disease pathology affecting thyroid function. AMPA receptor dysregulation can contribute to neurodegenerative diseases where excitotoxicity plays an important role affecting neuronal survival.

Product protocols

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Publications (19)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Neurobiology of disease 191:106408 PubMed38199274

2024

TRPM4 blocking antibody reduces neuronal excitotoxicity by specifically inhibiting glutamate-induced calcium influx under chronic hypoxia.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Charlene P Poore,Nurul A M N Hazalin,Shunhui Wei,See Wee Low,Bo Chen,Bernd Nilius,Zurina Hassan,Ping Liao

Neural regeneration research 18:1124-1131 PubMed36255002

2022

Overexpressing NeuroD1 reprograms Müller cells into various types of retinal neurons.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Di Xu,Li-Ting Zhong,Hai-Yang Cheng,Zeng-Qiang Wang,Xiong-Min Chen,Ai-Ying Feng,Wei-Yi Chen,Gong Chen,Ying Xu

Biology of reproduction 107:916-927 PubMed35746896

2022

Glutamate can act as a signaling molecule in mouse preimplantation embryos†.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Alexandra Špirková,Veronika Kovaříková,Zuzana Šefčíková,Jozef Pisko,Martina Kšiňanová,Juraj Koppel,Dušan Fabian,Štefan Čikoš

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of 117:25830-25839 PubMed32973097

2020

The auxiliary glutamate receptor subunit dSol-1 promotes presynaptic neurotransmitter release and homeostatic potentiation.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Beril Kiragasi,Pragya Goel,Sarah Perry,Yifu Han,Xiling Li,Dion Dickman

Journal of neurochemistry 152:523-541 PubMed31376158

2019

NYX-2925 induces metabotropic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) signaling that enhances synaptic NMDAR and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

M Scott Bowers,Luisa P Cacheaux,Srishti U Sahu,Mary E Schmidt,Joseph A Sennello,Katherine Leaderbrand,M Amin Khan,Roger A Kroes,Joseph R Moskal

Journal of neuroscience research 96:391-406 PubMed29193273

2017

Activation of caspase-6 and cleavage of caspase-6 substrates is an early event in NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Kimberly D Girling,Marie-Josee Demers,Jean Laine,Shu Zhang,Yu Tian Wang,Rona K Graham

Cell reports 19:2694-2706 PubMed28658618

2017

A Presynaptic Glutamate Receptor Subunit Confers Robustness to Neurotransmission and Homeostatic Potentiation.

Applications

Species

Drosophila melanogaster

Beril Kiragasi,Joyce Wondolowski,Yan Li,Dion K Dickman

Scientific reports 7:46514 PubMed28425451

2017

IFNβ Protects Neurons from Damage in a Murine Model of HIV-1 Associated Brain Injury.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Victoria E Thaney,Alan M O'Neill,Melanie M Hoefer,Ricky Maung,Ana B Sanchez,Marcus Kaul

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 60:168-79 PubMed26482305

2015

Antiretrovirals, Methamphetamine, and HIV-1 Envelope Protein gp120 Compromise Neuronal Energy Homeostasis in Association with Various Degrees of Synaptic and Neuritic Damage.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Ana B Sanchez,Giuseppe P Varano,Cyrus M de Rozieres,Ricky Maung,Irene C Catalan,Cari C Dowling,Natalia E Sejbuk,Melanie M Hoefer,Marcus Kaul

Molecular psychiatry 20:959-73 PubMed25266126

2014

Neuregulin 1 signalling modulates mGluR1 function in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

A Ledonne,A Nobili,E C Latagliata,V Cavallucci,E Guatteo,S Puglisi-Allegra,M D'Amelio,N B Mercuri
View all publications

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