(R)-Butaprost, EP2 agonist

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The Prostaglandin E Receptor EP2 also known as PTGER2 is a G protein-coupled receptor that interacts with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). It is sometimes referred to as the Prostacyclin receptor although this term more accurately describes a different receptor the IP receptor. The mass of EP2 receptor is approximately 52 kDa. EP2 is widely expressed in various tissues including the brain kidney and uterus. This receptor plays a role in modulating numerous physiological responses by initiating intracellular signaling cascades upon prostaglandin binding.

Biological function summary

The Prostaglandin E Receptor EP2/PTGER2 influences a range of functions due to its involvement in vasodilation and modulation of inflammation. It does not form part of a larger protein complex acting as a stand-alone receptor. Its activation impacts processes like smooth muscle relaxation immune response modulation as well as synaptic transmission in the nervous system. The receptor's ability to couple with G proteins allows it to regulate these processes through the production of cyclic AMP which serves as a secondary messenger inside the cells.

Pathways

EP2 integrates into the prostaglandin signaling pathway and the broader G protein-coupled receptor signaling network. This receptor plays a critical role in the prostaglandin signaling pathway particularly in mediating actions of PGE2. It collaborates with proteins like adenylate cyclase which facilitates the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP influencing cellular responses. The receptor also interacts with other prostanoid receptors to regulate various physiological functions in response to inflammation and tissue injury.

EP2 is associated with inflammation-related diseases and central nervous system disorders. Overactivation of the receptor relates to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and neuroinflammatory diseases where excessive inflammatory responses exacerbate symptoms. Diseases such as Alzheimer's disease involve EP2 where it interacts with proteins like COX-2 which regulates PGE2 production influencing neuroinflammatory pathways. Understanding these interactions aids in the development of therapeutic strategies targeting EP2 receptor pathways.