MW 254.6 Da. Endogenous polyamine, that binds to the polyamine modulatory site of the NMDA receptor. Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins.
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- Nature protocols 9:2237-552014Bio-orthogonal labeling as a tool to visualize and identify newly synthesized proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesMilena Ullrich et. al.PubMed 25167056
Key facts
- CAS number
- 334-50-9
- Form
- Solid
- Molecular weight
- 254.6 Da
- Molecular formula
- C7H22Cl3N3
- PubChem identifier
- 9539
- Nature
- Synthetic
Alternative names
AMPA 1, AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 1, GLUH1, GRIA1_HUMAN, GluA1, GluR-1, GluR-A, GluR-K1, Glutamate receptor 1, Glutamate receptor ionotropic, Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA 1, HBGR1, MGC133252, OTTHUMP00000160643, OTTHUMP00000165781, OTTHUMP00000224241, OTTHUMP00000224242, OTTHUMP00000224243
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MW 254.6 Da. Endogenous polyamine, that binds to the polyamine modulatory site of the NMDA receptor. Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins.
Key facts
- CAS number
- 334-50-9
- Form
- Solid
- Molecular weight
- 254.6 Da
- Molecular formula
- C7H22Cl3N3
- PubChem identifier
- 9539
- Nature
- Synthetic
- Solubility
Soluble in water to 100 mM.
- Biochemical name
- Spermidine trihydrochloride
- Biological description
Endogenous polyamine, that binds to the polyamine modulatory site of the NMDA receptor. Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins.
- Canonical SMILES
- C(CCNCCCN)CN.Cl.Cl.Cl
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C7H19N3.3ClH/c8-4-1-2-6-10-7-3-5-9;;;/h10H,1-9H2;3*1H
- InChIKey
- LCNBIHVSOPXFMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- IUPAC name
- N'-(3-aminopropyl)butane-1,4-diamine;trihydrochloride
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Ambient - Can Ship with Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Storage information
- Store under desiccating conditions, The product can be stored for up to 12 months
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
Glutamate Receptor 1 (AMPA subtype) also known as GluR1 is a subunit of the AMPA receptor complex which mediates fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. It is an ionotropic receptor for glutamate functioning by opening ion channels to allow the flow of Na+ and Ca2+ ions across the cell membrane contributing to excitatory neurotransmission. The GluR1 subunit has a molecular mass of approximately 100 kDa. This receptor is commonly expressed in the brain regions such as the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex playing an important role in synaptic plasticity and memory formation.
- Biological function summary
The GluR1 subunit is an essential component of the AMPA receptor complex which typically forms as a tetramer. This complex modulates synaptic strength and plasticity processes critical for learning and memory. The activity of AMPA receptors including those containing GluR1 is regulated by several auxiliary proteins and is essential for post-synaptic responses. The GluR1 subunit also interacts with other proteins such as TARPs which modulate its trafficking and channel properties.
- Pathways
The GluR1-containing AMPA receptors participate significantly in the glutamatergic signaling pathway which is vital for fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. This pathway also involves the NMDA receptors which work together with AMPA receptors to regulate synaptic plasticity and neuronal communication. Additionally the GluR1 interacts within the long-term potentiation (LTP) pathway contributing to the strengthening of synapses an essential mechanism underlying learning and memory.
- Associated diseases and disorders
Dysfunction in GluR1 and associated AMPA receptors has been implicated in conditions like Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. Alzheimer's disease exhibits decreased synaptic transmission and plasticity linked to impaired GluR1 function and its interactions with NMDA receptors. In epilepsy abnormal GluR1 activity may contribute to heightened neuronal excitability and seizure propagation. Targeting GluR1 or associated pathways offers potential for therapeutic interventions in these disorders possibly through drugs such as memantine and NBQX which modulate receptor activity.
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2 product images
Chemical Structure - Spermidine hydrochloride, nNOS inhibitor (ab120057)
2D chemical structure image of ab120057, Spermidine hydrochloride, nNOS inhibitor
Functional Studies - Spermidine hydrochloride, nNOS inhibitor (ab120057)
Anti-IL-10 antibody ab9969 staining IL10 in RAW 246.7 cells treated with spermidine hydrochloride (ab120057), by ICC/IF. Increase in IL10 expression correlates with increased concentration of spermidine hydrochloride, as described in literature.
The cells were incubated at 37°C for 24 hour in media containing different concentrations of ab120057 (spermidine hydrochloride) in DMSO, fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with PBS containing 10% goat serum, 0.3 M glycine, 1% BSA and 0.1% tween for 2h at room temperature. Staining of the treated cells with Anti-IL-10 antibody ab9969 (1 µg/ml) was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 1% BSA and 0.1% tween. A DyLight 488 anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (DyLight® 488) preadsorbed ab96899) at 1/250 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI and are shown in blue.
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