TPCK, chymotrypsin and SMase inhibitor

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Perilipin-1 also known as PLIN1 is a lipid droplet-associated protein with a mass of approximately 57 kDa. It belongs to the perilipin family and localizes to the surfaces of intracellular lipid droplets. Perilipin-1 plays an important role in lipid metabolism by regulating the storage and hydrolysis of these lipids. Its expression is abundant in adipose tissues and is prominent in white and brown adipose cells. Other alternate names include lipid droplet-associated protein and perilipin A.

Biological function summary

This protein acts as a protective barrier for lipid droplets regulating access to lipase enzymes. It interacts closely with proteins such as ALDH1A1 and Abhd5/CGI-58. The latter enhances lipase activity when perilipin-1 undergoes phosphorylation. This dynamic interaction is vital for the efficient mobilization of stored lipids through lipolytic processes. It is part of a complex that includes perilipin family proteins like LSDP5 which also associates with lipid droplets.

Pathways

Perilipin-1 is integral to the regulation of lipolysis and lipid storage in the metabolic pathway. Key pathways include the cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway and the broader lipid metabolism pathway. Its interaction with the protein hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) modulates the breakdown of triacylglycerol to free fatty acids emphasizing its role in energy balance and supply. Perilipin-1's regulation by kinases serves as a checkpoint in lipid mobilization and is important to maintaining energy homeostasis.

Alterations in perilipin-1 expression or function relate to metabolic disorders such as obesity and insulin resistance. Mutations or dysregulation of this protein can disrupt lipid homeostasis contributing to excessive fat storage and impaired energy metabolism. Furthermore its interaction with perilipin 2 also known as ADRP can influence disease progression by affecting lipid droplet dynamics. Understanding perilipin-1’s role in these conditions may offer insights for therapeutic approaches.