Rock inhibitor Y-27632 dihydrochloride/Rho kinase inhibitor. A research tool with diverse biological effects, mainly used in stem cell research for maintenance, differentiation, and as a 3D growth matrix or brain organoid differentiation media.
- Cited in over 125 publications
- Purity > 99%
CP2D6_HUMAN, CPD6, CYP2D, CYP2D7AP, CYP2D7BP, CYP2D7P2, CYP2D8P2, CYP2DL1, CYPIID6, Cardiolipin activated protein kinase Pak2, Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase, Cytochrome P450 2D6, Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6, Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D polypeptide 6, Cytochrome P450-DB1, Debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase, KIAA0619, KPCE_HUMAN, MGC125656, MGC125657, MGC131603, MGC150606, MGC43611, MGC71074, Microsomal monooxygenase, P450 DB1, P450C2D, PKCE, PKN gamma, PKN2_HUMAN, PRK2, PRKCE, PRKCL2, PRO0435, PRO2042, Pkcea, Protein kinase C epsilon, Protein kinase C epsilon type, Protein kinase C-like 2, Protein kinase N2, Protein-kinase C-related kinase 2, ROCK-I, ROCK1_HUMAN, ROCK2_HUMAN, ROK alpha, Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-35, Rho associated coiled coil containing protein kinase 1, Rho associated coiled coil containing protein kinase 2, Rho associated, coiled coil containing protein kinase II, Rho kinase, Rho kinase 2, Rho-alpha kinase, Rho-associated, Rho-associated protein kinase 1, Rho-associated protein kinase 2, Rock II, Rock2m, Rok, Serine/threonine-protein kinase N2, Xenobiotic monooxygenase, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase I, flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase, nPKC-epsilon, p160 ROCK, p160 ROCK-1, p160 Rhoassociated coiled coil-forming protein kinase, p164 ROCK-2
Rock inhibitor Y-27632 dihydrochloride/Rho kinase inhibitor. A research tool with diverse biological effects, mainly used in stem cell research for maintenance, differentiation, and as a 3D growth matrix or brain organoid differentiation media.
- Cited in over 125 publications
- Purity > 99%
Selective Rho kinase inhibitor.
Y-27632 is a research tool with a wide variety of biological effects, mainly used in the field of stem cell research for maintenance and differentiation. Commonly used as 3D growth matrix component; also a component of brain organoid differentiation media.
How others have used Y-27632 in their research:
Maintenance of tissue culture of iPSCs; 10 μM Y-27632 for 24 hr; Montefiori et al (2018)
Reprogramming of breast cancer cells to induced progenitor-like cells (iPLs) ; 2 μM Y27632 ; Yuan et al (2018)
Differentiation - Y-27632 enables human embryonic stem cells to survive and differentiate into cortical and basal telencephalic progenitors; Watanabe et al (2007)
*Also available in simple stock solutions (Y-27632 dihydrochloride (mM/ml), Rho kinase inhibitor ab144494) - add 1 ml of water to get an exact, ready-to-use concentration.
ROCK1 and ROCK2 also known as Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinases 1 and 2 are serine/threonine kinases with molecular masses of approximately 158 kDa and 160 kDa respectively. These kinases play an essential role in cell structures and functions like contraction motility and adhesion. ROCK1 and ROCK2 express in various tissues including the brain heart and skeletal muscle where they regulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics. ROCK1 and ROCK2 function as effectors for small GTPase RhoA modulating the cytoskeleton through phosphorylation of different substrates.
ROCK1 and ROCK2 contribute significantly to the regulation of smooth muscle contraction actin cytoskeleton organization and cellular migration. They exist in their complex forms and primarily act by phosphorylating downstream target proteins which leads to changes in cell shape and movement. Their activity influences various cellular processes such as apoptotic regulation and tissue rigidity which are fundamental in development and homeostasis. Increased levels or activity of ROCKs link to pathological changes including vascular diseases and cancer progression.
ROCK1 and ROCK2 are key components of the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway and the integrin-mediated signaling pathway. These pathways are vital for cellular activities like adhesion migration and proliferation. They often interact with other proteins such as LIM kinase and myosin phosphatase modulating actin-myosin contractility. The Rho/ROCK pathway in particular act as a hub for signal transduction connecting extracellular cues to intracellular responses. This pathway regulates many physiological responses by affecting various cellular substrates and signaling molecules.
ROCK1 and ROCK2 show significant involvement in cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Dysregulation of ROCK activity contributes to hypertension by affecting vascular smooth muscle contraction while aberrant ROCK signaling often results in increased cell migration and invasion in cancerous cells. In hypertension targeting ROCKs can help reduce blood pressure as ROCK inhibitors like dihydrochloride are used therapeutically. Moreover in cancer ROCK1 and ROCK2 interact with proteins such as focal adhesion kinase which lead to enhanced tumor cell migration and metastasis highlighting potential therapeutic targets.
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Anti-VEGFA antibody ab46154 staining VEGF in HeLa cells treated with Y-27632 dihydrochloride (ab120129), by ICC/IF. Decrease in VEGF expression correlates with increased concentration of Y-27632 dihydrochloride, as described in literature.
The cells were incubated at 37°C for 1h in media containing different concentrations of ab120129 (Y-27632 dihydrochloride) in DMSO, fixed with 100% methanol for 5 minutes at -20°C and blocked with PBS containing 10% goat serum, 0.3 M glycine, 1% BSA and 0.1% tween for 2h at room temperature. Staining of the treated cells with Anti-VEGFA antibody ab46154 (5 μg/ml) was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 1% BSA and 0.1% tween. A DyLight 488 goat anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (DyLight® 488) preadsorbed ab96899) at 1/250 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI and are shown in blue.
2D chemical structure image of ab120129, Y-27632 dihydrochloride, Rho kinase inhibitor
A: Serum-starved human TM cells were incubated on chamber glass slides coated with recombinant human Gal8 in the presence of the ROCK inhibitor ab120129, at different concentrations. After 2 hr, cells were stained with rhodamine-labeled phalloidin, and cells with robust stress fibers were enumerated. Data are expressed as mean±SEM.
B: Cells were treated with an 120129 (Y27632) at 20 μM, stained with rhodamine-labeled phalloidin, and random fields were photographed. Note that cells treated with ab120129 are not spread and exhibit dendrite-like structures.
Credit: Shiri D et al. PLoS One. 2012; 7(7): e41958. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044400
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