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AB265995

Human GSTM4 knockout HeLa cell line

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GSTM4 KO cell line available to order. KO validated by. Free of charge wild type control available. Knockout achieved by using CRISPR/Cas9, Homozygous: 1 bp insertion in exon 1. To order both knockout and wild-type control cells: select 2 x 1000000Cells/vial. To order only knockout cells: select 1000000Cells/vial.

View Alternative Names

GST class-mu 4, GST-Mu2, GSTM4-4, GSTM4_HUMAN, GTM4, GTS Mu2, Glutathione S transferase M4, Glutathione S-transferase Mu 4, MGC131945, MGC9247

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Sanger Sequencing - Human GSTM4 knockout HeLa cell line (AB265995)
  • Sanger seq

Unknown

Sanger Sequencing - Human GSTM4 knockout HeLa cell line (AB265995)

Homozygous : 1 bp insertion in exon 1.

Key facts

Cell type

HeLa

Species or organism

Human

Tissue

Cervix

Form

Liquid

form

Knockout validation

Sanger Sequencing

Mutation description

Knockout achieved by using CRISPR/Cas9, Homozygous: 1 bp insertion in exon 1

Disease

Adenocarcinoma

Product details

We will provide viable cells that proliferate on revival.

This product is subject to limited use licenses from The Broad Institute, ERS Genomics Limited and Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC, and is developed with patented technology. For full details of the licenses and patents please refer to our limited use license and patent pages.

What's included?

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Properties and storage information

Gene name
GSTM4
Gene editing type
Knockout
Gene editing method
CRISPR technology
Knockout validation
Sanger Sequencing
Shipped at conditions
Dry Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
-196°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-196°C

Handling procedures

Initial handling guidelines

Upon arrival, the vial should be stored in liquid nitrogen vapor phase and not at -80°C. Storage at -80°C may result in loss of viability.

1. Thaw the vial in 37°C water bath for approximately 1-2 minutes.
2. Transfer the cell suspension (0.8 mL) to a 15 mL/50 mL conical sterile polypropylene centrifuge tube containing 8.4 mL pre-warmed culture medium, wash vial with an additional 0.8 mL culture medium (total volume 10 mL) to collect remaining cells, and centrifuge at 201 x g (rcf) for 5 minutes at room temperature. 10 mL represents minimum recommended dilution. 20 mL represents maximum recommended dilution.
3. Resuspend the cell pellet in 5 mL pre-warmed culture medium and count using a haemocytometer or alternative cell counting method seed all remaining cells into a T25.
4. Incubate the culture at 37°C incubator with 5% CO2. Check the culture one day after revival and continue to check until 80% confluent. Media change can be given if needed.
5. Once confluent passage into an appropriate flask at a density of 2x104 cells/cm2. Seeding density is given as a guide only and should be scaled to align with individual lab schedules. Cultures should be monitored daily.

Subculture guidelines
  • All seeding densities should be based on cell counts gained by established methods.
  • A guide seeding density of 2x104 cells/cm2 is recommended.
  • Cells should be passaged when they have achieved 80-90% confluence.
Culture medium

DMEM (High Glucose) + 10% FBS

Cryopreservation medium

Cell Freezing Medium-DMSO Serum free media, contains 8.7% DMSO in MEM supplemented with methyl cellulose.

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The enzyme GSTM4 also known as Glutathione S-transferase mu 4 plays a significant role in detoxification processes within the cell. It has a molecular weight of approximately 26 kilodaltons. GSTM4 is part of the mu class of Glutathione S-transferases and is expressed widely in many tissues with notable expression in the liver brain and heart. The enzyme facilitates the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione to electrophilic compounds aiding in the detoxification of endogenous and xenobiotic substances.
Biological function summary

GSTM4 functions as a detoxification enzyme that protects cells from oxidative stress and damage from harmful compounds. It operates as part of a complex system of enzymes collectively known for their role in phase II metabolism which is important for clearing toxins from the body. By contributing to the neutralization of reactive oxygen species GSTM4 helps maintain cell health and prevent damage to cellular components like DNA proteins and lipids which could otherwise lead to cell dysfunction or death.

Pathways

GSTM4's activity integrates into pathways such as glutathione metabolism and the xenobiotic detoxification pathway. These pathways utilize GSTM4 and other proteins including the glutathione itself to neutralize toxic compounds and mitigate cellular stress. Other related proteins in these pathways include various isoforms of Glutathione S-transferases highlighting a cooperative network essential for effective detoxification processes inside the body.

Research links GSTM4 to susceptibility to cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. It is implicated in the risk of certain cancers particularly those related to oxidative stress and damage where its detoxification capability may be challenged. Furthermore GSTM4 interacts with proteins such as p53 a critical protein in regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis demonstrating its potential influence on cancer development. In neurodegenerative diseases the relationship between GSTM4 and oxidative damage highlights its significance in the context of diseases like Alzheimer's where increased oxidative stress plays a role in disease pathology.

Quality control

STR analysis

CSF1PO, D13S317, D7S820, D5S818, TH01, D16S539, TPOX

Cell culture

Biosafety level

EU: 2 US: 2

Adherent/suspension

Adherent

Gender

Female

Product protocols

Product promise

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