Human GNA13 knockout HCT116 cell lysate

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

GNA13 also known as Gα13 is a member of the G12 family of G proteins. It has a molecular mass of approximately 44 kDa and functions as a guanine nucleotide-binding protein. This protein is important in transmitting signals from G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to intracellular signaling pathways. GNA13 is widely expressed in various tissues including endothelial cells smooth muscle cells and the brain. The signaling capability of GNA13 is based on its ability to bind GTP and GDP functioning through a cycle of activation and inactivation.

Biological function summary

The role of G protein subunit GNA13 involves participating in critical cellular functions such as cytoskeletal reorganization cell migration and proliferation. It is an integral part of the G12/G13 subunits` complex which plays a role in controlling cell dynamics and morphology. Through these activities GNA13 contributes to the regulation of processes like embryonic development and tissue repair. Additionally it influences cell behavior through the RhoA pathway affecting actin cytoskeleton and cell shape changes.

Pathways

GNA13 interacts with a variety of important signaling systems. One primary pathway where GNA13 is active is the Rho signaling pathway where it activates RhoA leading to changes in the actin cytoskeleton. This pathway is necessary for cellular processes like adhesion and motility. Additionally GNA13 participates in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway influencing cellular proliferation. Through these pathways GNA13 is related to proteins such as RhoGEFs which act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors and MAPKs essential in transmitting mitogenic signals.

GNA13 has implications in cancer development and cardiovascular diseases. Its role in Rho signaling and cell motility can contribute to tumor progression and metastasis with alterations in its function linked to various cancers. Additionally in cardiovascular health GNA13's influence on vascular smooth muscle contraction can relate to conditions such as hypertension. Projecting its influence through RhoA GNA13's malfunction connects it to pathological changes within these disease contexts.