Human TFDP2 (DP2) knockout HEK-293T cell lysate

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

DP2 also known as CRTH2 or GPR44 is a receptor from the class of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). It is involved in the signaling pathways mediated by prostaglandins making it an essential mediator in inflammatory processes. The molecular mass of this receptor is approximately 44 kDa. DP2 is broadly expressed in various tissues including the lungs eosinophils Th2 cells and basophils highlighting its role in immune response and respiratory function. Its expression in numerous cell types underlines its versatile roles within the immune system.

Biological function summary

DP2 functions as a receptor for prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) an important lipid mediator in inflammation. DP2's activities are a part of PGD2-driven processes including the recruitment and activation of Th2 cells eosinophils and basophils which are integral to allergic responses. DP2 does not form part of a larger protein complex but operates in concert with prostanoids such as the D-type prostanoid (DP1) receptors highlighting its specific signaling pathway within the immune context. By mediating chemotaxis and activation of specific immune cells DP2 supports the perpetuation of Th2-type inflammation.

Pathways

DP2 plays a role in the prostaglandin signaling pathway and immune response network. It operates parallel to receptors like DP1 albeit delivering contrasting cellular outcomes. While DP1 typically signals via a cAMP-dependent pathway DP2 mediates its effects through calcium mobilization and beta-arrestin-dependent pathways. These pathways contribute to distinct yet overlapping roles in processes of allergy and inflammation illustrating how DP2 function is intricately connected with other signaling molecules including chemoattractant receptors involved in leukocyte trafficking.

The dysregulation of DP2 is associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Within the context of asthma DP2 expression correlates with severity and exacerbation of the disease. The receptor's role in mediating eosinophil and Th2 cell attraction makes it a target of interest for therapeutic interventions. In allergic rhinitis similar mechanisms involving DP2-mediated immune cell recruitment exacerbate mucosal inflammation during allergen exposure. DP2's interaction with other inflammatory mediators such as the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor family solidifies its position in the cascade of allergic and respiratory disorders.