RFX5 overexpression 293T lysate (whole cell)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

RFX5 also known as Regulatory Factor X 5 is a transcription factor characterized by a mass of approximately 74 kDa. It plays an essential role in the modulation and transcriptional regulation of genes. RFX5 is predominantly expressed in the nucleus of human cells where it binds to DNA and regulates gene expression. This protein is vital to the regulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes affecting how cells present antigens.

Biological function summary

RFX5 functions as part of the RFX complex an important element for the transcription of MHC class II genes. It interacts with other regulatory factor X proteins to form this complex enabling the activation of target gene transcription. RFX5 acts by binding to the X box motifs within the promoters of the MHC class II genes. Its presence is necessary to maintain the immune response capability by ensuring the expression of these genes which is a fundamental process in antigen presentation to immune cells.

Pathways

RFX5 integrates into the MHC class II antigen presentation pathway. It has a significant relationship with the CIITA transcriptional regulator with CIITA enhancing the activity of RFX5 during the assembly of the MHC class II transcriptional machinery. Another important pathway is the immune response pathway where RFX5 is important in coordinating the expression of genes that help the immune system recognize and respond to pathogens effectively.

Deficiencies or malfunctions in RFX5 have strong connections with Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome (BLS) type II marked by reduced expression of MHC class II molecules. In this context RFX5's interactions with CIITA are critical because improper function of either can lead to compromised immune responses. Studies also suggest an association between disrupted RFX5 activity and autoimmune diseases where improper antigen presentation can lead to the immune system attacking the body's own tissues.