STAT4 overexpression 293T lysate (whole cell)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 4 (STAT4) is a critical member of the STAT protein family. It weighs approximately 85 kDa. STAT4 primarily functions as a transcription factor activated by phosphorylation through Janus kinases (JAKs) in response to cytokine signaling. This protein facilitates the translocation into the nucleus where it promotes the transcription of specific genes. STAT4 expression occurs mainly in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells indicating its role in the immune response.

Biological function summary

STAT4 is integral to the differentiation of naïve T cells into T helper 1 (Th1) cells. These Th1 cells play a central role in orchestrating immune responses against intracellular pathogens. STAT4 activation requires two distinct steps involving JAK kinases and subsequent binding to DNA regulatory elements of target genes. STAT4 does not function as part of a large protein complex but rather operates as a dimer following phosphorylation.

Pathways

STAT4 participates strongly in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway fundamental for immune cell maturation and response. The JAK-STAT pathway regulates several biological processes including proliferation and inflammation. STAT4 works closely with STAT1 in promoting Th1 differentiation while also interacting with other proteins like IL-12 to modulate immune activity. These interactions emphasize its influence in immune responses and could affect inflammatory pathways.

STAT4 exhibits associations with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Aberrant STAT4 activity can lead to dysregulated immune responses making it a significant target in these disorders. In the context of rheumatoid arthritis altered STAT4 signaling enhances inflammation through its connection with other immune proteins like IL-23. Understanding STAT4's role in these diseases may offer avenues for therapeutic interventions and better management of immune-related conditions.