Hamster CHO Annexin 5 ELISA Kit

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Annexin V also known by its alternate names Annexin A5 or Endonexin is a protein with a molecular weight of approximately 36 kDa. It plays a significant role in cellular processes by binding to phospholipid membranes in a calcium-dependent manner. Annexin V can be found in various human tissues but it is expressed mainly in vascular tissues placenta and several glandular tissues. It has an affinity for negatively charged phospholipids such as phosphatidylserine which is notable because phosphatidylserine exposure usually indicates cellular events like apoptosis.

Biological function summary

Annexin V acts as a regulator of membrane-related events. It plays a part in the coagulation cascade by inhibiting procoagulant phospholipids. Additionally Annexin V is not typically involved in any large protein complex but binds to cell membranes as a monomer. During apoptosis it localizes to cell membranes where it marks cells for phagocytosis. This function highlights its role in maintaining homeostasis by clearing out apoptotic cells efficiently.

Pathways

Annexin V engages in apoptosis and blood coagulation pathways significantly. In apoptosis Annexin V acts downstream where it helps in identifying cells undergoing programmed cell death by binding to externalized phosphatidylserine. This interaction relates to the protein Bcl-2 which regulates apoptosis upstream. In the blood coagulation pathway Annexin V regulates by forming a shield over phospholipid surfaces preventing the assembly of the prothrombinase complex affecting proteins such as Factor Xa and thrombin.

Associated diseases and disorders

Annexin V associates with autoimmune diseases and thrombosis conditions. Its role in apoptosis can connect it to autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) where irregular clearance of apoptotic cells can lead to self-antigen exposure and autoimmunity. Annexin V is also connected to thrombosis through its anticoagulant properties. Its ability to bind phosphatidylserine relates to Protein S which acts synergistically in regulating coagulation and maintaining vascular homeostasis.