Human Agrin ELISA Kit is a single-wash 90-min Simplestep used to quantify Human Agrin with a sensitivity of 4.6 pg/ml. The assay uses a simple mix-wash-read protocol with just one incubation and one wash step.
- Colorimetric Sandwich ELISA - 450 nm readout : works on any standard plate reader
- Validated on a number of sample types including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- Design your own immunoassay: we also offer the conjugation-ready antibody pair
- Cited in over 10 citations
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- Skeletal muscle 14:52024Motor neurons and endothelial cells additively promote development and fusion of human iPSC-derived skeletal myocytes.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesSuradip Das,Melanie C Hilman,Feikun Yang,Foteini Mourkioti,Wenli Yang,D Kacy CullenPubMed 38454511
- Aging clinical and experimental research 35:2563-25712023Handgrip strength asymmetry as a new biomarker for sarcopenia and individual sarcopenia signatures.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesJedd Pratt,Ludmilla Pessanha,Marco Narici,Colin Boreham,Giuseppe De VitoPubMed 37658983
- Aging clinical and experimental research 35:1161-11862023Effect of targeted intervention on C-terminal agrin fragment and its association with the components of sarcopenia: a scoping review.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesPrabal Kumar,Kusumakshi Nayak,Shashikiran Umakanth,N GirishPubMed 36977974
- Frontiers in medicine 10:10947332023Serum transthyretin and aminotransferases are associated with lean mass in people with coronary heart disease: Further insights from the CARE-CR study.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesEmily James,Stuart Goodall,Simon Nichols,Karen Walker,Sean Carroll,Alasdair F O'Doherty,Lee InglePubMed 36891188
- Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle 14:794-8042023Effects of a 2-year exercise training on neuromuscular system health in older individuals with low muscle function.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesElena Monti,Sara Tagliaferri,Sandra Zampieri,Fabio Sarto,Giuseppe Sirago,Martino Vladimiro Franchi,Andrea Ticinesi,Yari Longobucco,Elisa Adorni,Fulvio Lauretani,Stephan Von Haehling,Emanuele Marzetti,Riccardo Calvani,Roberto Bernabei,Matteo Cesari,Marcello Maggio,Marco Vincenzo NariciPubMed 36708273
- GeroScience 45:1289-13022023Genes encoding agrin (AGRN) and neurotrypsin (PRSS12) are associated with muscle mass, strength and plasma C-terminal agrin fragment concentration.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesJedd Pratt,Laura Whitton,Anthony Ryan,Thorhildur Juliusdottir,Jackie Dolan,Judith Conroy,Marco Narici,Giuseppe De Vito,Colin BorehamPubMed 36609795
- The Journal of physiology 600:4731-47512022Effects of short-term unloading and active recovery on human motor unit properties, neuromuscular junction transmission and transcriptomic profile.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesFabio Sarto,Daniel W Stashuk,Martino V Franchi,Elena Monti,Sandra Zampieri,Giacomo Valli,Giuseppe Sirago,Julián Candia,Lisa M Hartnell,Matteo Paganini,Jamie S McPhee,Giuseppe De Vito,Luigi Ferrucci,Carlo Reggiani,Marco V NariciPubMed 36071599
- BMC neurology 22:3342022Predictive nomogram for soft robotic hand rehabilitation of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesPeng Jin,Wei Jiang,Qing Bao,Wenfeng Wei,Wenqing JiangPubMed 36068493
- Journal of neuroinflammation 19:442022Posttranslational modifications of proteins are key features in the identification of CSF biomarkers of multiple sclerosis.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesIvan L Salazar,Ana S T Lourenço,Bruno Manadas,Inês Baldeiras,Cláudia Ferreira,Anabela Claro Teixeira,Vera M Mendes,Ana Margarida Novo,Rita Machado,Sónia Batista,Maria do Carmo Macário,Mário Grãos,Lívia Sousa,Maria João Saraiva,Alberto A C C Pais,Carlos B DuartePubMed 35135578
- Science translational medicine 13:2021Perturbed BMP signaling and denervation promote muscle wasting in cancer cachexia.Applications:ELISAReactive species:HumanRoberta Sartori,Adam Hagg,Sandra Zampieri,Andrea Armani,Catherine E Winbanks,Laís R Viana,Mouna Haidar,Kevin I Watt,Hongwei Qian,Camilla Pezzini,Pardis Zanganeh,Bradley J Turner,Anna Larsson,Gianpietro Zanchettin,Elisa S Pierobon,Lucia Moletta,Michele Valmasoni,Alberto Ponzoni,Shady Attar,Gianfranco Da Dalt,Cosimo Sperti,Monika Kustermann,Rachel E Thomson,Lars Larsson,Kate L Loveland,Paola Costelli,Aram Megighian,Stefano Merigliano,Fabio Penna,Paul Gregorevic,Marco SandriPubMed 34349036
Key facts
- Detection method
- Colorimetric
- Sample types
- Cerebral Spinal Fluid, Urine, Cell culture extracts, Tissue Extracts, Heparin Plasma, Citrate plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Serum, EDTA Plasma
- Assay type
- Sandwich (quantitative)
- Reactive species
- Human
- Range
- 28.13 - 1800 pg/mL
- Assay time
- 1h 30m
- Sensitivity
- = 4.6 pg/mL
Abcam Recommends
Reactivity data
| Application | Reactivity | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Application sELISA | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Target data
Function
Isoform 1. Heparan sulfate basal lamina glycoprotein that plays a central role in the formation and the maintenance of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and directs key events in postsynaptic differentiation. Component of the AGRN-LRP4 receptor complex that induces the phosphorylation and activation of MUSK. The activation of MUSK in myotubes induces the formation of NMJ by regulating different processes including the transcription of specific genes and the clustering of AChR in the postsynaptic membrane. Calcium ions are required for maximal AChR clustering. AGRN function in neurons is highly regulated by alternative splicing, glycan binding and proteolytic processing. Modulates calcium ion homeostasis in neurons, specifically by inducing an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions. Functions differentially in the central nervous system (CNS) by inhibiting the alpha(3)-subtype of Na+/K+-ATPase and evoking depolarization at CNS synapses. This secreted isoform forms a bridge, after release from motor neurons, to basal lamina through binding laminin via the NtA domain. Isoform 2. Transmembrane form that is the predominate form in neurons of the brain, induces dendritic filopodia and synapse formation in mature hippocampal neurons in large part due to the attached glycosaminoglycan chains and the action of Rho-family GTPases. Isoform 1, isoform 4 and isoform 5: neuron-specific (z+) isoforms that contain C-terminal insertions of 8-19 AA are potent activators of AChR clustering. Isoform 5, agrin (z+8), containing the 8-AA insert, forms a receptor complex in myotubules containing the neuronal AGRN, the muscle-specific kinase MUSK and LRP4, a member of the LDL receptor family. The splicing factors, NOVA1 and NOVA2, regulate AGRN splicing and production of the 'z' isoforms. Isoform 3 and isoform 6: lack any 'z' insert, are muscle-specific and may be involved in endothelial cell differentiation. Agrin N-terminal 110 kDa subunit. Is involved in regulation of neurite outgrowth probably due to the presence of the glycosaminoglcan (GAG) side chains of heparan and chondroitin sulfate attached to the Ser/Thr- and Gly/Ser-rich regions. Also involved in modulation of growth factor signaling (By similarity). Agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment. This released fragment is important for agrin signaling and to exert a maximal dendritic filopodia-inducing effect. All 'z' splice variants (z+) of this fragment also show an increase in the number of filopodia.
Alternative names
AGRIN, AGRN, Agrin
What's included?
Recommended products
Human Agrin ELISA Kit is a single-wash 90-min Simplestep used to quantify Human Agrin with a sensitivity of 4.6 pg/ml. The assay uses a simple mix-wash-read protocol with just one incubation and one wash step.
- Colorimetric Sandwich ELISA - 450 nm readout : works on any standard plate reader
- Validated on a number of sample types including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- Design your own immunoassay: we also offer the conjugation-ready antibody pair
- Cited in over 10 citations
Key facts
- Detection method
- Colorimetric
- Sample types
- Cerebral Spinal Fluid, Urine, Cell culture extracts, Tissue Extracts, Heparin Plasma, Citrate plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Serum, EDTA Plasma
- Assay type
- Sandwich (quantitative)
- Reactive species
- Human
- Range
- 28.13 - 1800 pg/mL
- Assay time
- 1h 30m
- Assay Platform
- Pre-coated microplate (12 x 8 well strips)
- Sensitivity
- = 4.6 pg/mL
Precision
Intra assay
| Sample | n | mean | SD | C.V. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Serum | n 3 | mean - | SD - | C.V. 4.2 |
Inter assay
| Sample | n | mean | SD | C.V. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Serum | n 5 | mean - | SD - | C.V. 5.7 |
Recovery
Sample specific recovery
| Sample type | Average % | Range |
|---|---|---|
Sample type Cell culture supernatant | Average % = 119 | Range 116 - 121 % |
Sample type Serum | Average % = 97 | Range 87 - 113 % |
Sample type EDTA Plasma | Average % = 106 | Range 104 - 109 % |
Sample type Cerebral Spinal Fluid | Average % = 106 | Range 86 - 126 % |
Sample type Urine | Average % = 106 | Range 101 - 114 % |
Sample type Cell culture extracts | Average % = 98 | Range 90 - 103 % |
Sample type Tissue Extracts | Average % = 118 | Range 115 - 122 % |
Sample type Heparin Plasma | Average % = 108 | Range 101 - 112 % |
Sample type Citrate plasma | Average % = 113 | Range 97 - 121 % |
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Storage information
- +4°C
Notes
Human Agrin ELISA Kit (ab216945) is a single-wash 90 min sandwich ELISA designed for the quantitative measurement of Agrin protein in cell culture extracts, cell culture supernatant, cerebral spinal fluid, cit plasma, edta plasma, hep plasma, serum, tissue extracts, and urine. It uses our proprietary SimpleStep ELISA® technology. Quantitate Human Agrin with 4.6 pg/ml sensitivity.
SimpleStep ELISA® technology employs capture antibodies conjugated to an affinity tag that is recognized by the monoclonal antibody used to coat our SimpleStep ELISA® plates. This approach to sandwich ELISA allows the formation of the antibody-analyte sandwich complex in a single step, significantly reducing assay time. See the SimpleStep ELISA® protocol summary in the image section for further details. Our SimpleStep ELISA® technology provides several benefits:
- Single-wash protocol reduces assay time to 90 minutes or less
- High sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility from superior antibodies
- Fully validated in biological samples
- 96-wells plate breakable into 12 x 8 wells strips
A 384-well SimpleStep ELISA® microplate (Pre-coated 384 well Microplate SimpleStep ELISA® ab203359) is available to use as an alternative to the 96-well microplate provided with SimpleStep ELISA® kits.
Agrin is a heparan sulfate basal lamina glycoprotein that plays a central role in the formation and the maintenance of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and directs key events in postsynaptic differentiation. Agrin is a component of the AGRN-LRP4 receptor complex that induces the phosphorylation and activation of MUSK. The activation of MUSK in myotubes induces the formation of NMJ by regulating different processes including the transcription of specific genes and the clustering of AChR in the postsynaptic membrane. Calcium ions are required for maximal AChR clustering. Agrin function in neurons is highly regulated by alternative splicing, glycan binding and proteolytic processing. Agrin modulates calcium ion homeostasis in neurons, specifically by inducing an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions. Agrin functions differentially in the central nervous system (CNS) by inhibiting the alpha(3)-subtype of Na+/K+-ATPase and evoking depolarization at CNS synapses.
Abcam has not and does not intend to apply for the REACH Authorisation of customers' uses of products that contain European Authorisation list (Annex XIV) substances.
It is the responsibility of our customers to check the necessity of application of REACH Authorisation, and any other relevant authorisations, for their intended uses.
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
Agrin also known as AGRN is a large heparan sulfate proteoglycan with a molecular mass of approximately 200 kDa. This protein is mainly expressed in the neuromuscular junction and the central nervous system. Agrin has significant roles in synapse formation. It influences the clustering of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction which is essential for communication between nerve and muscle cells. This activity is mechanically mediated through interactions with the receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK and LRP4.
- Biological function summary
The Agrin protein contributes to the stabilization of synaptic structures. Its ability to induce acetylcholine receptor clustering is fundamental for the proper formation and maintenance of neuromuscular synapses. Agrin is not a lone player; it is a part of a larger signaling complex. This complex includes other proteins like MuSK which acts as a receptor playing an essential role in complex signaling pathways that regulate synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity.
- Pathways
Many molecules associate to facilitate communication and synapse integrity via Agrin's activity. Agrin engages primarily with the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and the PI3K/AKT pathway. These pathways are central for cell growth and differentiation in the central nervous system. The relationship with MuSK through these pathways highlights Agrin's importance in orchestrating the synapse assembly and stability.
- Associated diseases and disorders
Mutations or alterations in Agrin can lead to conditions such as congenital myasthenic syndromes and potentially impact neurodegenerative disorders like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In these cases its interaction with proteins like MuSK is affected leading to impaired neuromuscular transmission. Understanding the anti-Agrin antibody's function might enhance methodologies to treat these neuromuscular disorders.
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7 product images
Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin ELISA Kit (ab216945)
Example of human Agrin standard curve in Sample Diluent NS.
Background-subtracted data values (mean +/- SD) are graphed.
Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin ELISA Kit (ab216945)
Example of human Agrin standard curve in 1X Cell Extraction Buffer PTR.
Background-subtracted data values (mean +/- SD) are graphed.
Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin ELISA Kit (ab216945)
Example of human Agrin standard curve in HGDMEM + 10% FBS cell culture media.
Background-subtracted data values (mean +/- SD) are graphed.
Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin ELISA Kit (ab216945)
Interpolated concentrations of native Agrin in human serum and plasma samples.
The concentrations of Agrin were measured in duplicates, interpolated from the Agrin standard curves and corrected for sample dilution. Undiluted samples are as follows: serum 25%, plasma (citrate) 25%, plasma (heparin) 25% and plasma (EDTA) 25%. The interpolated dilution factor corrected values are plotted (mean +/- SD, n=2). The mean Agrin concentration was determined to be 3,719 pg/mL in neat serum, 3,562 pg/mL in neat plasma (citrate), 3,526 pg/mL in neat plasma (heparin), and 3,445 pg/mL in neat plasma (EDTA).
Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin ELISA Kit (ab216945)
Interpolated concentrations of native Agrin in human urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and cell culture supernatant samples.
The concentrations of Agrin were measured in duplicates, interpolated from the Agrin standard curves and corrected for sample dilution. Undiluted samples are as follows: Urine 12.5%, cerebrospinal fluid 6.25%, HepG2 cell culture supernatant 100% and HeLa cell culture supernatant 100%. The interpolated dilution factor corrected values are plotted (mean +/- SD, n=2). The mean Agrin concentration was determined to be 9,142 pg/mL in neat urine, 18,572 pg/mL in neat cerebrospinal fluid, 1,365 pg/mL in HepG2 cell culture supernatant, and 711.7 pg/mL in HeLa cell culture supernatant.
Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin ELISA Kit (ab216945)
Interpolated concentrations of native Agrin in human brain tissue extract, human liver tissue extract, SH-SY5Y cell extract and HepG2 cell extract.
Interpolated concentrations of native Agrin in human brain tissue extract based on a 300 μg/mL extract load, human liver tissue extract based on a 1000 μg/mL extract load, SH-SY5Y cell extract based on a 500 μg/mL extract load, and HepG2 cell extract based on a 100 μg/mL extract load. The concentrations of Agrin were measured in duplicate and interpolated from the Agrin standard curve and corrected for sample dilution. The interpolated dilution factor corrected values are plotted (mean +/- SD, n=2). The mean Agrin concentration was determined to be 540 pg/mL in brain tissue extract, 740 pg/mL in liver tissue extract, 252 pg/mL in SH-SY5Y cell extract, and 796 pg/mL in HepG2 cell extract.
Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin ELISA Kit (ab216945)
Serum from ten individual healthy human male donors was measured in duplicate.
Interpolated dilution factor corrected values are plotted (mean +/- SD, n=2). The mean Agrin concentration in neat samples was determined to be 3909 pg/mL with a range of 2879 – 5073 pg/mL.
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