Human Fractalkine ELISA Kit (CX3Cl1) is a single-wash 90-min SimpleStep ELISA® for the quantitative measurement of Human Fractalkine (CX3Cl1) in Cerebral Spinal Fluid, Urine, Heparin Plasma, Citrate plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Milk, Serum, EDTA Plasma samples.
Colorimetric
Cerebral Spinal Fluid, Urine, Heparin Plasma, Citrate plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Milk, Serum, EDTA Plasma
Sandwich (quantitative)
Human
3.91 - 250 pg/mL
1h 30m
= 1.18 pg/mL
Application | Reactivity | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Application sELISA | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Chemokine that acts as a ligand for both CX3CR1 and integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA4:ITGB1 (PubMed:12055230, PubMed:21829356, PubMed:23125415, PubMed:9782118, PubMed:9931005). The CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling exerts distinct functions in different tissue compartments, such as immune response, inflammation, cell adhesion and chemotaxis (PubMed:12055230, PubMed:9024663, PubMed:9177350, PubMed:9782118). Regulates leukocyte adhesion and migration processes at the endothelium (PubMed:9024663, PubMed:9177350). Can activate integrins in both a CX3CR1-dependent and CX3CR1-independent manner (PubMed:23125415, PubMed:24789099). In the presence of CX3CR1, activates integrins by binding to the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) in integrins (PubMed:23125415, PubMed:24789099). In the absence of CX3CR1, binds to a second site (site 2) in integrins which is distinct from site 1 and enhances the binding of other integrin ligands to site 1 (PubMed:23125415, PubMed:24789099).Processed fractalkineThe soluble form is chemotactic for T-cells and monocytes, but not for neutrophils.FractalkineThe membrane-bound form promotes adhesion of those leukocytes to endothelial cells.(Microbial infection) Mediates the cytoadherence of erythrocytes infected with parasite P.falciparum (strain 3D7) with endothelial cells by interacting with P.falciparum CBP1 and CBP2 expressed at the surface of erythrocytes (PubMed:27653778). The adhesion prevents the elimination of infected erythrocytes by the spleen (Probable).
FKN, NTT, SCYD1, A-152E5.2, CX3CL1, Fractalkine, C-X3-C motif chemokine 1, CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine, Neurotactin, Small-inducible cytokine D1
Human Fractalkine ELISA Kit (CX3Cl1) is a single-wash 90-min SimpleStep ELISA® for the quantitative measurement of Human Fractalkine (CX3Cl1) in Cerebral Spinal Fluid, Urine, Heparin Plasma, Citrate plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Milk, Serum, EDTA Plasma samples.
Colorimetric
Cerebral Spinal Fluid, Urine, Heparin Plasma, Citrate plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Milk, Serum, EDTA Plasma
Sandwich (quantitative)
Human
3.91 - 250 pg/mL
1h 30m
Microplate
= 1.18 pg/mL
Sample | n | mean | SD | C.V. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Human milk | n 5 | mean - | SD - | C.V. 3 |
Sample | n | mean | SD | C.V. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Human milk | n 3 | mean - | SD - | C.V. 4.7 |
Sample type | Average % | Range |
---|---|---|
Sample type Cell culture supernatant | Average % = 97 | Range 95 - 98 % |
Sample type Serum | Average % = 94 | Range 88 - 98 % |
Sample type Milk | Average % = 86 | Range 75 - 97 % |
Sample type EDTA Plasma | Average % = 88 | Range 84 - 91 % |
Sample type Cerebral Spinal Fluid | Average % = 102 | Range 95 - 110 % |
Sample type Urine | Average % = 93 | Range 92 - 95 % |
Sample type Heparin Plasma | Average % = 84 | Range 83 - 86 % |
Sample type Citrate plasma | Average % = 97 | Range 90 - 102 % |
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Human Fractalkine ELISA Kit (CX3Cl1) (ab192145) is a single-wash 90 min sandwich ELISA designed for the quantitative measurement of Fractalkine (CX3Cl1) protein in cell culture supernatant, cit plasma, edta plasma, hep plasma, milk, serum, and urine. It uses our proprietary SimpleStep ELISA® technology. Quantitate Human Fractalkine (CX3Cl1) with 1.18 pg/ml sensitivity.
SimpleStep ELISA® technology employs capture antibodies conjugated to an affinity tag that is recognized by the monoclonal antibody used to coat our SimpleStep ELISA® plates. This approach to sandwich ELISA allows the formation of the antibody-analyte sandwich complex in a single step, significantly reducing assay time. See the SimpleStep ELISA® protocol summary in the image section for further details. Our SimpleStep ELISA® technology provides several benefits:
- Single-wash protocol reduces assay time to 90 minutes or less
- High sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility from superior antibodies
- Fully validated in biological samples
- 96-wells plate breakable into 12 x 8 wells strips
A 384-well SimpleStep ELISA® microplate (Pre-coated 384 well Microplate SimpleStep ELISA® ab203359) is available to use as an alternative to the 96-well microplate provided with SimpleStep ELISA® kits.
Fractalkine (CX3CL1 or Neurotactin) is a chemokine produced from a type I transmembrane protein on the cell surface. The soluble chemokine is generated by proteolytic cleavage and represents residues 25-100 of the full protein sequence. Fractalkine expression is primarily on epithelial cells. Fractalkine functions both in the full length transmembrane form (for adhesion) and in the released soluble form (chemoattraction).The standard protein in this assay is the soluble chemokine portion of Fractalkine.
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
CX3CL1 also known as fractalkine is a chemokine protein characterized mechanically by its dual function as both a chemoattractant and adhesion molecule. It exhibits a unique membrane-bound structure and can exist in a soluble form after proteolytic cleavage. The mass of CX3CL1 is approximately 42-45 kDa. This protein is highly expressed in endothelial cells neurons and tissues with substantial vascularization. Considerable interest surrounds the potential of CX3CL1 assessment in various studies often involving applications like fractalkine ELISA or assays on mouse models.
CX3CL1 is involved in the immune system and nervous system functions influencing leukocyte adhesion and migration. It is not known to be part of a large multiprotein complex but directly interacts with its fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 on the surface of immune cells. This interaction regulates communication between neurons and microglia which highlights its role in neuroinflammation. CX3CL1's expression and function suggest a significant influence over inflammatory responses and homeostatic balance within these systems.
CX3CL1 plays a role in the MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways vital for cell survival proliferation and migration. Within these pathways CX3CL1 influences and interacts with several proteins thereby modulating inflammatory responses and cellular migration. These pathways are essential for immune system regulation where CX3CL1 acts as a mediator in signal transduction processes that connect immune responses to cellular activities such as proliferation and survival.
CX3CL1 has associations with neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Alterations in CX3CL1 expression or its fractalkine receptor function can influence disease progression by affecting how immune cells communicate and migrate to inflamed or damaged tissues. CX3CR1 the receptor for CX3CL1 represents an important link in these connections driving research efforts to explore therapies targeting these interactions to alleviate disease symptoms.
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Example of Fractalkine standard curve.
Background-subtracted data values (mean +/- SD) are graphed.
Interpolated concentrations of native Fractalkine in human serum, plasma samples.
The concentrations of Fractalkine were measured in duplicates, interpolated from the Fractalkine standard curves and corrected for sample dilution. Undiluted samples are as follows: serum 25%, plasma (citrate) 12.5%, plasma (heparin) 25% and plasma (EDTA) 25%. The interpolated dilution factor corrected values are plotted (mean +/- SD, n=2). The mean Fractalkine concentration was determined to be 107 pg/mL in serum, 67 pg/mL in plasma (citrate), 86 pg/mL in plasma (heparin) and 100 pg/mL in plasma (EDTA).
Interpolated concentrations of native Fractalkine in human urine, milk and CSF samples.
The concentrations of Fractalkine were measured in duplicates, interpolated from the Fractalkine standard curves and corrected for sample dilution. Undiluted samples are as follows: urine 25%, milk 12.5, and CSF 100%. The interpolated dilution factor corrected values are plotted (mean +/- SD, n=2). The mean Fractalkine concentration was determined to be 71 pg/mL in urine, 127 pg/mL in milk, and 13 pg/mL in CSF.
Interpolated concentrations of spike Fractalkine in human cell culture media sample.
The concentrations of Fractalkine were measured in duplicates, interpolated from the Fractalkine standard curves and corrected for sample dilution. Undiluted samples are as follows: cell culture media 25%. The interpolated dilution factor corrected values are plotted (mean +/- SD, n=2).
Interpolated concentrations of Fractalkine in Human serum from 10 donors.
Serum from 10 apparently healthy male donors was measured in duplicate. The mean Fractalkine concentration was determined to be 83 pg/mL with a range of 50-118 pg/mL.
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