Human FX ELISA kit (total FX antigen)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Factor X also known as Stuart-Prower Factor is a critical component in the coagulation cascade. It has a molecular weight of approximately 59 kDa and is expressed mainly in the liver. This serine protease plays an important role in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin an essential step in blood clot formation. Factor X circulates in the plasma as an inactive zymogen and becomes activated to its enzyme form factor Xa in response to specific physiological signals.

Biological function summary

Factor X contributes significantly to the coagulation process by activating prothrombin into thrombin. It is not part of a larger complex but functions closely with other components of the coagulation cascade to maintain hemostasis. Factor X interacts with calcium ions and phospholipids on the surface of platelets enhancing its enzymatic activity. This activation ensures proper regulation of blood clotting preventing excessive bleeding or uncontrolled clot formation.

Pathways

Factor X is central to both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. It interacts with proteins such as factor VIIa in the extrinsic pathway and factor IXa in the intrinsic pathway both pathways leading to the activation of factor Xa. In turn factor Xa is key in the common pathway which combines inputs from the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways to produce thrombin essential for fibrin clot formation.

Associated diseases and disorders

Factor X is associated with bleeding disorders such as hemophilia and liver disease. Deficiencies or dysfunctions in factor X result in inadequate clot formation leading to prolonged bleeding episodes. Furthermore increased factor X activity as in cases of thrombophilia can raise the risk of abnormal blood clots. Factor X works alongside proteins like factor V with both deficiencies playing roles in hemophilia. Monitoring factor X activity is important in diagnosing and managing these coagulation-related conditions.